Effectiveness of living donor kidney grafts compared to deceased donor grafts in improving survival in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Objective: To systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of living donor kidney transplantation compared to deceased donor transplantation for improving the survival of patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESCKD). Methodology: This was an observational and retrospective systematic review. Of the total 100% (10) scientific articles reviewed, 20% (2) were from Spain, 20% (2) from Colombia, 10% (1) from the United States, 10% (1) from Portugal, 10% (1) from Ecuador, 10% (1) from Cuba, 10% (1) from Guatemala, and 10% (1) from Bolivia. Additionally, 30% of the reviewed articles were systematic reviews from Colombia, the United States, and Portugal, while 70% (7) were randomized clinical trials from Spain, Colombia, Ecuador, Cuba, Guatemala, and Bolivia. Results: According to the findings of the reviewed studies, 90% demonstrated that living donor kidney transplants are more effective than deceased donor transplants for improving the survival of patients with ESCKD. Moreover, only 10% showed that living donor kidney transplants are similar to deceased donor transplants in improving survival. Conclusions: The systematic review allows us to conclude that living donor kidney transplantation is more effective than deceased donor transplantation for improving survival in patients with ESCKD.

Objetivo: Sistematizar las evidencias sobre la eficacia del injerto renal de donante vivo en comparación con el donante cadavérico para mejorar la sobrevida de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica terminal (ERCT). Metodología: Fue una revisión sistemática observacional y retrospectivo; de un total del 100% (10) artículos científicos revisados, fueron de España 20% (02), Colombia 20% (02), Estados Unidos 10% (01), Portugal 10% (01), Ecuador 10% (01), Cuba 10% (01), Guatemala 10% (01), y Bolivia 10% (01). Asimismo, los artículos científicos revisados fueron de revisión sistemática el 30%, de Colombia, Estados Unidos y Portugal; y los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados 70% (07) fueron de España, Colombia, Ecuador, Cuba, Guatemala, y Bolivia. Resultados: De acuerdo a los hallazgos de los estudios científicos revisados, el 90% evidenciaron que el injerto renal de donante vivo presenta mayor eficacia que el donante cadavérico para mejorar la sobrevida de pacientes con ERCT. Asimismo, solo el 10% evidenció que el injerto renal de donante vivo es similar con el donante cadavérico para mejorar la sobrevida de pacientes con ERCT. Conclusiones: La revisión sistemática nos permite evidenciar que el injerto renal de donante vivo presenta mayor eficacia que el donante cadavérico para mejorar la sobrevida de pacientes con ERCT.