Relationship between incisor molar hypomineralization and etiological factors in schoolchildren from an educational institution in Lima, 2023”

Abstract

This thesis aimed to establish the relationship between molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and etiological factors in schoolchildren from an educational institution in Lima, 2023. A quantitative, applied, observational, and cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 80 schoolchildren from the educational institution in Lima were evaluated using a structured data collection form. Two instruments were employed: the first was a data collection sheet to establish MIH in children, which included filiative data and a structure for clinical inspection, incorporating the Ghanim index; the second instrument was a questionnaire on the etiological factors of MIH. It was found that the most frequent enamel extension of less than 1/3 of the tooth was observed in the following teeth: 11 (43.8%, 35 cases), 16 (47.5%, 38 cases), 21 (60.0%, 48 cases), 26 (43.8%, 35 cases), 31 (100.0%, 80 cases), 36 (33.8%, 27 cases), 41 (100.0%, 80 cases), and 46 (30.0%, 24 cases). The p-value was found to be less than 0.05, concluding that there is a significant relationship between molar-incisor hypomineralization and etiological factors in schoolchildren from an educational institution in Lima, 2023.

La presente tesis buscó establecer la relación entre la hipomineralización molar incisivo y factores etiológicos en escolares de una Institución Educativa, Lima, 2023. Se diseñó un estudio cuantitativo, aplicada, de diseño observacional y transversal; se evaluó a 80 escolares de la Institución Educativa de Lima, utilizando RESUMEN DEL TRABAJO una mediante una ficha de recolección de datos estructurada, (Máximo200 palabras y en castellano) utilizará dos instrumentos: El primero es una ficha de recolección de datos para establecer HIM en los niños, que consta de datos de filiación y una estructura donde se va a realizar la inspección clínica el cual estará incluido el índice Ghanim y el segundo instrumento: cuestionario sobre factores etiológicos de HIM. Se pudo evidenciar quereferente ala extensión del esmalte < 1/3 del diente son las más frecuentes; pieza 11 con 43.8 % (35), 16 con 47.5% (38), 21 con 60.0% (48); 26 con 43.8% (35);31 con 100.0% (80); 36 con 33.8% (27); 41 con 100.0% (80); 46 con 30.0% (24); así mismo se encontró que el valor p es menor a 0.05; concluyendo que existe relación significativa entre la hipomineralización molar incisivo y factores etiológicos en escolares de una Institución Educativa, Lima, 2023.