Maternal-fetal risk factors for developing gestational diabetes in patients attended at Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue in 2014 and 2015

Abstract

In the present study, a methodology is used to determine the sociodemographic, cultural, and economic characteristics of women over 18 years old who had an abortion at the Hipólito Unanue National Hospital between January and October of 2015. It was revealed that the sociodemographic characteristics include: early age, cohabiting marital status, secondary education level, currently working, being from the coastal region, residing in El Agustino, and experiencing psychological family pressure due to economic instability. Additionally, the cultural characteristics highlighted include: machismo, due to the lack of partner participation in household chores, a situation unfortunately justified by the respondents; and the Catholic religion, which most respondents profess. Finally, the most notable economic characteristics are: a monthly income between 600 and 1000 soles, monthly expenses less than 600 soles, three people living in the household, no economic dependency, two family members contributing to household expenses, and living in a brick-built house. Keywords: Abortion, Sociodemographic Characteristics, Cultural Characteristics, Economic Characteristics

Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo que influyen en preeclampsia ocurridas en el Hospital San Juan de Lurigancho 2016. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio no experimental, cuantitativo, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. Se revisaron 134 historias clínicas de egresos maternos con diagnóstico de preeclampsia. Resultados: Corresponden a adolescentes el 11.2% y añosas 14.9%. Mayoría son convivientes 79.9% y secundaria completa 50.7%. Se encontró preeclampsia leve en 22.4 % y severa 77.6 %. Sin control prenatal en 17.3% e inadecuado en 30.8% presentaron preeclampsia severa. Obesidad se encontró en preeclampsia severa (24 %) y preeclampsia leve (16.7 %). Primíparidad se encontró en 38.5% para preeclampsia severa. Periodo intergenesico prolongado fue en 19.2 % de preeclampsia. Las que culminaron su parto por vía vaginal 16.3% y cesárea 83.7 % presentaron preeclampsia severa. Conclusión: Los factores de riesgo que influyeron en preeclampsia fueron edades extremas de la vida, grado de instrucción secundaria, estado civil conviviente, inadecuado control prenatal, obesidad, primiparidad y periodo intergenésico prolongado.