Tecnología Médica en Laboratorio Clínico y Anatomía Patológica
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Ítem Acceso abierto Validation of Sudan Black as a lipstick revealer(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-06) Cabrejo Castañeda, Violeta Emperatriz; Ascarza Gallegos, Justo AngeloCheiloscopy is the analysis of lip grooves. Its importance lies in its use for identifying individuals since its pattern is unique, similar to fingerprints, meaning it does not change with age. To reveal these prints, revealing powders are often used. When taken directly from the lips, lipstick is used. The aim of this research was to validate Sudan Black powder as a cheiloscopic revealing agent. The design was non-experimental, cross-sectional, and quantitative. A probabilistic sample of 152 volunteers was estimated, and lip prints were taken with lipstick (standard) and compared to latent prints on paper and vinyl revealed with Sudan Black from 1 to 30 days after collection. These prints were evaluated by three observers who analyzed the results using Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification. Statistical analysis of the matches was conducted using the chi-square method, and the correlation of lip line count was assessed using Pearson’s r. Results showed a high match between the standard sample and the Sudan Black sample on paper, with no statistical differences and a high correlation (r > 0.9544) at 1 and 30 days. However, this was not the case with vinyl prints, where a statistical difference was found. It was concluded that Sudan Black can be used as a revealing agent for cheiloscopy on absorbent surfaces like paper up to 30 days after sample collection. This confirmed the validity of the hypothesis.Ítem Acceso abierto Validation of the extract from the Exocarp of Renealmia Alpinia (Kumpia) as a tissue nuclear staining agent(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-06) Santa Cruz Sánchez, Óscar; García Vásquez, Carlos HugoFrom the extract of the exocarp of Renealmia alpinia (kumpia), originating from the Amazon of Peru, through extraction by crushing and subsequent filtration, a 100% pure and natural dye with a purple hue was obtained. This dye underwent various tests of tissue nuclear staining, controlled by time (5, 10, and 15 minutes) and pH measurement, with alcohol at 70° as a mordant. Therefore, the objective of this study was to validate this dye (kumpia) as a tissue nuclear dye. An experimental study was conducted using surgical specimens from the Alberto Sabogal Sologuren Hospital. Tissue samples included liver, intestine, and lymph nodes. A total of 102 slides were obtained (34 for each tissue), of which 51 were stained with kumpia-eosin and 51 with hematoxylin-eosin, taken as the gold standard. Three evaluation criteria were considered in the microscopic assessment: histological image for both kumpia and hematoxylin staining, with results of 88.24% (good) and 11.76% (fair); nuclear staining for kumpia showed 94.12% (good) and 5.88% (fair); and 100% (good) for hematoxylin. For the nuclear-cytoplasm differentiation, both stains showed 100% (good). The conclusion is that this dye is good and effective, offering an easy-to-obtain alternative for tissue nuclear staining, and its cost is very affordable.Ítem Acceso abierto Cytological and histological correlation in the diagnosis of intraepithelial lesions of the cervix in Patients at San Juan de Lurigancho Hospital 2010 – 2013(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Sánchez Del Pozo, Olinda; Suárez Espino, Martha; Osorio Prado, Jesús IvánTo determine the correlation between cytology and histology in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial lesions in patients at the San Juan de Lurigancho Hospital from 2010 to 2013. Study Type: Descriptive, retrospective, non-experimental. Findings: Between 2010 and 2013, 5732 cervical-vaginal cytological reports from women aged 21 to 79 were reviewed. Of these, 97.2% were reported as negative for intraepithelial lesions. A total of 110 patients underwent cervical biopsy. Results: The average age of women diagnosed with LIEBG and LIEAG via Pap smear was 45 and 44.2, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 66.67%, 65.7%, 80.6%, and 47.9%, respectively. The cytological-histological discrepancy was 33% (37/110). The correlation for low-grade lesions was 78.3% (29/37). There was under-diagnosis in 7.1% (3/42) of cases that turned out to be LIEAG and 2.3% (1/42) that were malignant neoplasms. Over-diagnosis occurred in 21.4% (9/42) where lesions were negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignant neoplasms. The correlation for high-grade lesions was 72.7% (8/11). No under-diagnosis occurred (cases that would have been malignant invasive neoplasms). Over-diagnosis occurred in 57% (11/19), as they were classified as LIEBG 42% (8/19) or negative for lesions or malignant neoplasms 15% (3/19). Conclusions: The study rejects the hypothesis of no correlation between cytology and histology in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial lesions.Ítem Acceso abierto Personal-Work factors of asymptomatic students and their relationship with the presence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus at the E.A.P. Medical Technology, Private University Norbert Wiener, Lima – 2015(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Castillo Paiva, Elmer; Benites Azabache, Juan CarlosStaphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium capable of becoming a difficult-to-manage pathogen and is one of the leading causes of infections in both community and hospital settings. Over time, various bacteria have developed mechanisms of resistance to multiple antimicrobials, complicating therapeutic management. Antimicrobial resistance is attributed, among other causes, to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, poor management by health professionals, uncontrolled sales of drugs, and self-medication, which increases the likelihood that microorganisms will mutate and/or acquire resistance genes, extending the duration of illness and increasing the risk of death. The study aimed to determine the personal and labor-related factors of asymptomatic students and their association with the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The study involved 50 students from the Norbert Wiener University, and of the Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from 6 students, none were identified as MRSA.Ítem Acceso abierto Comparison of two methods for the detection of residual antimicrobial activity in urine cultures processed at the National Teaching Hospital Madre Niño San Bartolomé(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Rodriguez Vera, Claudia Liliana; Olivo Lopez, Jose MariaObjective: To determine which method, paper diffusion or direct inoculation, detects residual antimicrobial activity more frequently in urine cultures processed at the National Mother-Child Teaching Hospital in San Bartolomé. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2014, processing 2024 urine samples from outpatients and hospitalized patients. For both methods to detect residual antimicrobial activity, the samples were inoculated on Muller Hinton agar plates with the Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 sensor strain at a 0.5 McFarland scale. In the paper diffusion method, 10 µL of urine was applied on a disk, while in the direct inoculation method, 1 µL of urine was directly inoculated on the agar plate with a sterile loop. Both plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The presence of an inhibition zone around the disk or direct inoculation point was considered as the presence of residual antimicrobial activity. The absence of an inhibition zone was considered as the absence of residual antimicrobial activity. Results: Residual antimicrobial activity was detected in 9.7% (196/2024) of the urine samples using the paper diffusion method, compared to 6.4% (129/2024) using the direct inoculation method. Moreover, 67 (3.3%) urine samples showed residual antimicrobial activity detected only by the paper diffusion method. In total, 1828 (90.3%) samples showed no residual antimicrobial activity with either method, and 129 (6.4%) showed residual antimicrobial activity. Conclusions: The paper diffusion method has a higher detection rate for residual antimicrobial activity in urine samples processed at the National Mother-Child Teaching Hospital in San Bartolomé.Ítem Acceso abierto Evaluation of private laboratory reports from the Southern Cone in June 2015 according to peruvian Technical Standard 151819(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) De La Cruz Chupayo, Jaqueline Luisa; Ascarza Gallegos, Justo AngeloIn Peru, since 2008, a set of requirements specific to the quality of clinical laboratories were established under NTP 15189, which included the standards that laboratory reports should contain. However, these standards have never been evaluated in our context, and their compliance is unknown. On the contrary, each laboratory presented its own format, partially and differently fulfilling the criteria established in the quality regulations. Therefore, under the criteria of product evaluation, checklists were created containing the reagents specified in NTP 15189, and post-analytical evaluations were carried out in laboratories in the southern cone during June 2015. The results obtained would allow the standardization of clinical laboratory report formats in the country, fulfilling the primary objective of evaluating the private laboratory reports of the southern cone in June 2015 according to the Peruvian Technical Standard 15189. An exploratory-descriptive methodology and a non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive design (Sampieri) were used. It was found that no laboratory report evaluated fully met the quality standards established in the country for the post-analytical phase of laboratory results. It was concluded that the NTP 15189 should be promoted and applied nationwide to standardize clinical trial products.Ítem Acceso abierto Detection of macromolecules of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) in Serum Samples Suspected of Subclinical Hypothyroidism(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Lazarte Paralfo, Tuanny Antuanet; Punchin García, Elsa JulietaThe thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) presents molecular heterogeneity, and commercial immunoassays use different monoclonal antibodies, leading to differences when TSH is part of a complex with immunoglobulin or macroTSH. MacroTSH is biologically inactive but remains reactive in immunoassays. Objective: To determine the presence of macroTSH using polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitation at 25% in patients suspected of having subclinical hypothyroidism. Study type: Descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective, non-probabilistic. Materials and methods: 192 anonymous samples were studied, measured for TSH using two immunoassays (direct and indirect chemiluminescence), before and after precipitation. The formula according to Hattori was applied to calculate the percentage of macroTSH recovery. Results: The cutoff point used was 75% probability of macroTSH presence, with 6 positive samples (3.13%), of which two were identified by both methods, and the remaining four were only positive for direct chemiluminescence. Both methods showed a high correlation (0.95) for TSH concentrations before and after precipitation. Conclusions: There was a higher probability of macroTSH presence when using recovery percentage, with six samples precipitated using polyethylene glycol. Direct chemiluminescence was more sensitive in detecting macroTSH. The polyethylene glycol precipitation technique proved to be effective, fast, cost-effective, and easy to implement in routine clinical laboratories for macroTSH detection.Ítem Acceso abierto Seroprevalence of Dengue virus in blood donors at José Cayetano Heredia Hospital in Piura, February 2015(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Amésquita Reyes, Sissy Liseth; Fasabi Ferrer, Angela María; Villar Huamán, Cristhian Fernando VicenteThe dengue virus disease is considered a public health issue worldwide because it has not been completely eradicated. In Peru, particularly in the northern region, this disease is increasing due to the lack of a health strategy by authorities and the population. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted, using a non-probability convenience sampling, collecting 91 samples from people who underwent the blood donation screening process. IgG and IgM antibodies were tested using the VIRCELL commercial capture ELISA reagent, and epidemiological and symptomatic information was also gathered from each blood donor at the José Cayetano Heredia Hospital in Piura. Results showed positive IgG and IgM antibody tests in 5.5% and 4.4% of cases, respectively, all from male donors. No donor exhibited symptoms compatible with the disease. This suggests the potential for dengue virus transmission through blood transfusion, as donors potentially infected do not show signs or symptoms during the acute phase. However, dengue virus screening is not included in the standard screening profile of blood banks. We recommend including this test in regions where dengue cases are on the rise.Ítem Acceso abierto Intestinal Coccidia in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus at the National Hospital Arzobispo Loayza, May – July 2015(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Ramos Llaullipoma, Gina Lisset; Lozano Miguel, Elizabeth Luisa; Benites Azabache, Juan CarlosObjective: To determine the prevalence of intestinal coccidia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at the National Arzobispo Loayza Hospital from May to July 2015. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2015, including 100 fecal samples from patients with HIV infection of different ages and both sexes. The Ziehl-Neelsen Modified staining method was used for the analysis of fecal samples. Results: The prevalence of intestinal coccidia in HIV-positive patients at the National Arzobispo Loayza Hospital was 16%. The prevalence of Isospora belli was 10%, Cyclospora cayetanensis 4%, and Cryptosporidium parvum 2%. Conclusions: The study concluded that there is no relationship between sex and parasitosis, as the parasite does not distinguish between male and female patients, and no relationship between age and parasitosis, as the parasite does not discriminate based on the patient’s age. Both young and adult individuals are susceptible to infection.Ítem Acceso abierto Validation of the modified griess test for the detection of nitrite in urine from women of reproductive age with significant bacteriuria attended at San Bartolomé Hospital, November 2014 – January 2015(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Guillén Cabezas, Rosa Evelyn; Gutierrez Galindo, Luz Emperatriz; Rojas León, Roberto EugenioThe objective of this study was to validate and determine the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the modified Griess test for detecting nitrite in the urine of women of childbearing age with significant bacteriuria treated at the San Bartolomé Hospital from November 2014 to January 2015. Our research was descriptive, quantitative, and cross-sectional, as it is a primary validation study that resulted in numerical and descriptive specifications. Results showed 71.6% sensitivity, 99.4% specificity, 94.6% positive predictive value, and 96.3% negative predictive value. We concluded that the modified Griess test is not valid for detecting significant bacteriuria because it is a screening test that needs to have high sensitivity.Ítem Acceso abierto Utility of Amsel's Criteria for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis Caused by Gardnerella Vaginalis in Asymptomatic Pregnant Women Attended at the "San Conrado" Parochial Medical Center between December 27, 2014, and February 10, 2015(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Mori Porras, Gloria Mercedes; Benites Azabache, Juan CarlosThe utility of Amsel's criteria for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis in asymptomatic pregnant women was evaluated. Vaginal secretion samples were taken from 90 women who were treated at the San Conrado Parochial Medical Center between December 27, 2014, and February 10, 2015. Amsel's criteria were applied as a clinical diagnostic method, considering the presence of homogeneous vaginal discharge, a pH > 4.5, a positive amine test, and the presence of clue cells. Additionally, vaginal secretion cultures were performed on all patients. The results showed that 8.9% of asymptomatic pregnant women had a positive culture for Gardnerella vaginalis, with isolation associated with 61.1% of patients with a pH > 4.5, 11.1% with a positive amine test, and 11.1% with clue cells.Ítem Acceso abierto Design of procalcitonin versus markers used for the diagnosis of bacterial sepsis in patients at the Intensive Care Unit of the National Hospital Alberto Sabogal Sologuren, 2015(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Gonzales Vasquez, Jose Marino; Hilario Velasquez, Flor Eduvines; Baltodano Honores, Carlos AlbertoIntroduction: Diagnosing sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit remains a major challenge, as it can lead to death due to multiple organ failure. Procalcitonin is a marker used to differentiate bacterial infections from inflammatory processes of other etiologies. The aim of this study was to determine the performance of procalcitonin compared to other markers used to diagnose bacterial sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit of the National Alberto Sabogal Sologuren Hospital in 2015. Methodology: The study was descriptive, comparative, non-experimental, prospective, and cross-sectional. Results: 30 patients from the Intensive Care Unit of the National Alberto Sabogal Sologuren Hospital, with a presumptive diagnosis of sepsis, were studied from January to April 2015. Of these, 26.67% had a positive blood culture, considered the confirmatory test for bacterial sepsis. The performance of the tests was as follows: Procalcitonin (PCT): Sensitivity (S) 87.5%, Specificity (E) 95.45%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 87.5%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 95.4%. For C-reactive protein (CRP): S 100%, E 0%, PPV 26%, NPV 0%. For the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): S 100%, E 4.76%, PPV 27.58%, NPV 100%. For white blood cell count: S 75%, E 50%, PPV 35.2%, NPV 84.6%. For neutrophil percentage: S 100%, E 15.78%, PPV 29.63%, NPV 100%. Conclusion: Procalcitonin showed better performance for diagnosing bacterial sepsis compared to other markers used currently in the hospital.Ítem Acceso abierto Degree of accuracy and precision level of the most used Glucometers in Metropolitan Lima, 2015(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Talaverano Llactas, Luis Hover; Sandoval Vegas, Miguel HernánThe Glucotest is a device for measuring blood glucose levels using electrochemical methods or photometric reflectance, available in different brands, designs, and applications for monitoring and treating diabetes. The objective was to determine the accuracy and precision of the most commonly used Glucotests in Metropolitan Lima in 2015, through a quantitative, technological, prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study. Three brands of devices were studied: Prestige Easy, Onetouch Ultra Mini, and Accu-Chek Active. Results were compared with laboratory results under internal and external quality control. Accuracy (E%), precision (CV%), and correlation were assessed using Pearson’s r. Results showed that Prestige Easy had an E% of 12.12% and CV% ranging from 4.53% to 4.89%, outside the desired range. Onetouch Ultra Mini had an average E% of 9.1%, with acceptable CV% values of 1.50% and 1.58% in levels I and II, and a CV% of 2.68% in level III. Accu-Chek Active had an E% of 6.17%, with acceptable CV% values of 1.50% and 1.58%, and a CV% of 2.68% in level III. Correlation coefficients were: Prestige Easy 0.77, Onetouch Ultra Mini 0.90, and Accu-Chek Active 0.96. In conclusion, the Glucotest Accu-Chek showed better accuracy compared to Prestige Easy or Onetouch Ultra Mini, although only 30% of values were accurate. Only the Accu-Chek Glucotest showed adequate precision quality at all three glucose levels studied, while the Prestige Easy test had lower precision. In general, precision was better than accuracy across all devices, but none met the ideal limits.Ítem Acceso abierto Relationship between anemia and academic performance in children aged 6 to 12 years at Educational Institution 5130 – 4 Chavinillo, Ventanilla, Callao in 2015(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Guardia Rodriguez, Lusmila Edith; Valverde Heredia, Yulieta; Plasencia Vega, César AugustoDespite numerous policies and social programs promoted by the government to eradicate malnutrition, anemia remains a significant issue in our country. The aim was to determine the relationship between anemia and school performance at the Chavinillo-Ventanilla Educational Institution. The research was a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study. 100 children aged 6 to 12 years from 1st to 6th grade were studied. Samples were taken and processed at the clinical laboratory of the Norbert Wiener University. The results show a relationship between the described variables, indicating a significant relationship between poor performance and children with anemia. However, no significant relationship was found between regular or poor performance and children with anemia. Conclusion: Although the correlation between anemia and poor school performance is direct and positive, there are also determining factors. In our study, it was observed that mothers with primary education were a major factor influencing the children's performance. The goal of eradicating anemia is possible, but it requires commitment from the national government and local authorities.Ítem Acceso abierto Prevalence of precursor lesions of cervical Cancer and risk factors in women attended at the Alberto Barton Health Center in 2011(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Zegarra Uchiri, Christian Giovanni; Cárdenas Dávila, Carlos GernierThis study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of cervical cancer precursor lesions in the female population who attended the Alberto Barton-Callao health center in 2011, relating these findings to potential risk factors. The Papanicolaou results of 809 women aged between 15 and 71 years were reviewed. The sample included 51 cases of abnormal cytologies, among which 16 were ASCUS, 12 with LIBG due to HPV, 19 with mild dysplasia (CIN I), 3 with moderate dysplasia (CIN II), and 1 case with severe dysplasia (CIN III). Among the risk factors, 70.2% started sexual activity before the age of 18, 81.2% had more than 3 sexual partners, 11.4% had 5 or more pregnancies, 36.5% used hormonal contraceptives or an IUD, and 78.5% had their last Pap smear 3 or more years ago or had never had one. On the other hand, 39.9% presented infectious agents. The data were processed using SPSS statistical software. It was concluded that the prevalence of cervical cancer precursor lesions was 6.3%. Among the associated risk factors, the number of sexual partners was statistically significant. It is recommended to conduct new studies addressing other risk factors and to promote timely cervical cancer screening programs.Ítem Acceso abierto Serum Concentrations of Glucose, Urea, Creatinine, and Hemoglobin Levels in Elderly Diabetic Adults at a Geriatric Hospital in Lima, 2016(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-08) Apagüeño Chistama, Remberto; Sandoval Vegas, Miguel HernánObjective: To determine the serum concentrations of glucose, urea, creatinine, and hemoglobin levels in elderly adults in a geriatric hospital in Lima. Materials and Methods: A selection of 317 elderly patients of both sexes was made. This study is descriptive and prospective, with a non-interventional design. The results were analyzed statistically using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. According to sex, there was no significant difference between males and females concerning glucose, urea, creatinine, and hemoglobin levels. However, a significant difference was found in the three age groups of elderly adults: those aged 60-74 years (considered advanced age), 75-90 years (considered old or elderly), and those over 91 years (considered very old or extreme elderly). A significant difference in urea levels was found in patients considered elderly and very old. Similarly, there was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels in those considered elderly and very old.Ítem Acceso abierto Systematic Review: Effectiveness of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Velásquez Balboa, Kevin Renzo; Herencia Torres, Victor ReynaldoObjectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of nucleic acid amplification tests for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with TB. Methods: A systematic review analyzing 8 databases of studies published in English and Spanish between 2006 and 2016 was conducted, evaluating the effectiveness of diagnosing pulmonary TB through nucleic acid amplification. The risk of bias in individual studies was assessed using a modified version of the Caspe scale for diagnostic articles. Results: After selecting and analyzing 33 articles, 8 descriptive, observational articles were used. Conclusion: The molecular tests described are effective, but should never replace conventional techniques. Among the studied methods, the "Xpert MTB/RIF" test showed the highest effectiveness, while "secA1" and "Amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis Direct" tests showed the lowest effectiveness.Ítem Acceso abierto Effect of Vitamin D on Glycemic Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Bautista Herrera, Roberto Carlos; Benites Azabache, Juan CarlosIntroduction: A search for scientific articles with a randomized clinical study design was conducted in databases such as PUBMED, TRIPDATABASE, SciELO, BVS, LILACS, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR, aiming to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on glycemic status in patients with type 2 diabetes. Only articles meeting the inclusion criteria and indexed from 2010 to 2016 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were included. A search strategy was established for each information source. Objective: To determine the effect of vitamin D on the glycemic status of patients with type 2 diabetes. Results: 50 articles were selected for evaluation. After applying the inclusion criteria and checking for bias, 3 articles were chosen for a systematic review. Conclusion: Vitamin D administration significantly improves glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes by lowering blood glucose levels, demonstrating safety and efficacy.Ítem Acceso abierto Fungal Agents in Symptomatic Respiratory Patients with Hemoptysis. National Hospital Hipólito Unanue 2016(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Carbajal Araujo, Mayra Lorena; Champi Merino, Roky GovanniMethod: A descriptive, non-experimental, prospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2016 among symptomatic respiratory patients with hemoptysis from outpatient consultations and hospitalizations. Second sputum samples were processed in the Excellence Center for Tuberculosis Transmission Control (CENEX) in the Microbiology service at the Hipólito Unanue National Hospital. Results: Of 82 collected samples, 38 fungal agents were isolated, with the most frequent agent being Candida albicans/dubliniensis (63%), followed by Penicillium sp. (13%), Aspergillus fumigatus (11%), Aspergillus sp. (8%), and Aspergillus nidulans (5%). The average age was 48 ± 19.5 years. Conclusion: The prevalence of fungal agents isolated from hemoptoic samples of symptomatic respiratory patients was 46.3%, with Candida albicans/dubliniensis predominating at 63%. 82% were from outpatient consultations, and there was no gender predominance. The prevalence of negative bacilloscopy was 76%.Ítem Acceso abierto Free-Living Amoebas in the Pools of the Churín Thermal Baths(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Minetto Peralta, Marynn Yahara; Lima Garcia, Richard Humberto; Benites Azabache, Juan CarlosTo determine the presence of free-living amoebae in the thermal bath wells of Churín.
