Examinando por Materia "Adolescents"

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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-07) Asencio Deza, Medali Rosalina; Reyes Aparco, Guilda; Rodríguez Huamán, Yda Rafaela
Objective: To determine the factors associated with the early initiation of sexual relations among fifth-year high school students at Naciones Unidas Educational Institution, Lurigancho - Chosica, 2017. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical, retrospective, cross-sectional observational study conducted with 68 students. The instrument evaluated personal data, characteristics of the initiation of sexual activity, and individual, family, demographic, and sociocultural factors. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to assess associations (p<0.05). Results: The majority of the participants were 16 years old (60.3%), 52.9% were male, and 58.8% were from Lima. 32.4% of the adolescents had engaged in sexual intercourse (penis/vagina), with the first sexual experience occurring at the age of 15 (19.1%). 20.6% were in the fourth grade, and 26.5% had sexual relations with their boyfriend or girlfriend. Curiosity and the desire to experiment were cited as reasons for initiation by 13.2%. Factors such as engaging in erotic touching, feeling pressured by friends or a partner, experiencing psychological violence, receiving sexual education at school, consuming alcohol, spending more than five hours on social media, having older siblings with children before age 18, parent-child relationships, and media exposure were influential in the initiation of sexual activity. Conclusions: Individual, family, and social factors were significantly associated with the initiation of sexual relations, with a P-value < 0.05.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-05-09) Pecho Quito, Adrian Grégori; Garavito Chang, Enna Lucila
The purpose of this study was to determine the prosthetic needs of students aged 15 to 17 from I.E. 116 Abraham Valdelomar, located in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima, in 2017. A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted, evaluating 159 students aged 15 to 17 from the fourth and fifth grades of secondary education. The chi-square test was used for result analysis. The findings showed that, out of 159 students examined, only 16.35% of those aged 15 to 17 required prosthetic treatment, while 83.65% did not. Prosthetic needs by age were 27.27% for 17-year-olds, 15.28% for 16-year-olds, and 13.85% for 15-year-olds (p > 0.05). By sex, 17.05% of females and 15.49% of males required prosthetic treatment (p > 0.05). The type of prosthetic need identified among students aged 15 to 17 was fixed prostheses in 100% of those requiring treatment. Regarding the location of the prosthetic need in the jaws, 50% required an upper fixed prosthesis, and the other 50% required a lower fixed prosthesis. No partial or total removable prostheses were needed (p ≤ 0.05). It was concluded that only 16.35% of students aged 15 to 17 required prosthetic treatment, and the type of prosthesis required was fixed prostheses in all cases.
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Characterization of patients who abandoned pulmonary tuberculosis treatment at Infantas Health Center, San Martín de Porres.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-02-19) Tineo Cazorla, Nathaly Gabriela; Ubillus Salazar, Leyla Isabel; Perez Siguas, Rosa Eva
Objective: To determine the correlation between school climate and bullying among adolescents at the José del Carmen Marín Arista Educational Institution in Lima Metropolitan Area – 2017. Materials and Methods: This was a quantitative study, with a non-experimental, descriptive, and correlational design. The study population consisted of 615 students, from which 310 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The instruments used were the School Social Climate Scale (CECSCE) developed by Trianes et al., and the Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument – Bullying (APRI-Bullying), developed by Parada et al. Results: Of the total adolescents evaluated, 58.4% were male and 41.6% female. The majority were aged between 13 and 14 years. Regarding the grade levels, 23.5% (73) were in the third year, and 23.2% (72) were in the first year. The perception of the school climate was deemed inadequate by most (51%, n=158). Bullying was moderate for 41% (n=127) and severe for 38% (n=118). Conclusion: A statistically significant inverse correlation was found between school climate and bullying in adolescents at the José del Carmen Marín Arista Educational Institution.
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Comparative study of risk factors, prevalence and types of family violence in adolescents, among an I.E. from the Lima region and an I.E. of the Apurímac region, 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-09-17) Huamaní Cortez, Roxana Rosario; Olivos Aranda, Norma Ninoska; Alcántara Chávez, Ana Consuelo
The objective was to compare the risk factors, prevalence, and types of family violence in adolescents between a school in the Lima region and another in the Apurímac region in 2017. It was a descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional study using a survey as the instrument. The sample included 222 adolescents from Lima and 219 from Apurímac. Data were processed using the SPSS statistical program. The results showed that 74.4% in Apurímac and 66.7% in Lima were victims of family violence. Physical and sexual violence were higher in Lima (57.7% and 19.5%, respectively), while psychological violence was higher in Apurímac (58%). The main risk factors in Lima were male sex (36.9%), being in the fourth year of secondary school (29.3%), belonging to a nuclear family (36.9%), having two siblings (25.8%), being the first child (27.9%), and communication with parents (32.4%). In contrast, in Apurímac, the main risk factors were female sex (39.7%), being 15 years old (27.9%), experiencing violence in childhood (31.2%), having married parents (43.4%), and having a fair relationship with the family (40.6%). It was concluded that physical and psychological violence among adolescents were more prevalent than sexual violence. In both institutions, the shared risk factors were being 16 years old, female sex in Apurímac and male in Lima, attending the fourth year of secondary school, belonging to a nuclear family, being the first child, experiencing violence during childhood, and having a fair family relationship.
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Effectiveness of a workshop on the prevention of pregnancy in adolescents of 5th grade of a public institution, 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-09-18) Casas La Rosa, Lorena Paola; Salcedo Suárez, Katty Leticia
Materials and Methods: The study was prospective with a field design. The sample consisted of 50 students from a public institution who met the inclusion criteria. Results: The highest percentage of students was 16 years old (69%), with females predominating (67%). Most students identified as Catholic (62%) and were predominantly from Lima (77%). Before the workshop, 50% of the students had a medium level of knowledge about pregnancy prevention. After participating in the workshop on pregnancy prevention, 98% of the students achieved a high level of knowledge. Conclusion: The workshop on pregnancy prevention among adolescents improved knowledge by 48% among fifth-year high school students from the public institution.
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Effectiveness of the administration of the two-dose tetravalent vaccine compared to three doses in the prevention of human papillomavirus in adolescents who have not yet initiated sexual activity.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-08) Huatuco Bravo, Vanessa Alexandra; Gonzales Arévalo, Diana Stefani; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Systematic observational and retrospective review, which synthesizes multiple primary research studies. They are part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying studies to answer specific questions in practice. The selected full-text articles were subjected to critical reading and the GRADE system for recommendation strength. Ten articles were chosen, with 20% from Sweden, Vietnam (10%), Canada (10%), Mexico (10%), Australia (10%), and Amsterdam (10%), and China, India, USA (10%). Considering the research designs: four randomized clinical trials, one systematic review and meta-analysis, five prospective cohort studies. Results: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 90% show the effectiveness of administering the tetravalent vaccine with two doses compared to three doses. Additionally, 10% report that fewer than three doses of the tetravalent vaccine have not demonstrated non-inferior immunogenicity compared to three doses, and due to inconclusive evidence, vaccination implementation should be monitored. Conclusion: The studies reviewed provide evidence that 9 out of 10 indicate the effectiveness of the tetravalent vaccine when administering two and three doses.
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Effectiveness of the administration of the two-dose tetravalent vaccine compared to three doses in the prevention of human papillomavirus in adolescents who have not yet initiated sexual activity.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-08) Gonzales Arévalo, Diana Stefani; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Systematic observational and retrospective review, which synthesizes multiple primary research studies. They are part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying studies to answer specific questions in practice. The selected full-text articles were subjected to critical reading and the GRADE system for recommendation strength. Ten articles were chosen, with 20% from Sweden, Vietnam (10%), Canada (10%), Mexico (10%), Australia (10%), and Amsterdam (10%), and China, India, USA (10%). Considering the research designs: four randomized clinical trials, one systematic review and meta-analysis, five prospective cohort studies. Results: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 90% show the effectiveness of administering the tetravalent vaccine with two doses compared to three doses. Additionally, 10% report that fewer than three doses of the tetravalent vaccine have not demonstrated non-inferior immunogenicity compared to three doses, and due to inconclusive evidence, vaccination implementation should be monitored. Conclusion: The studies reviewed provide evidence that 9 out of 10 indicate the effectiveness of the tetravalent vaccine when administering two and three doses.
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Influence of information and communication technologies on adolescent sexual education
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-10) Rosas Rojas, Dhayana Chudney; García Puicón, Lady Yanina
Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence on the influence of information and communication technologies in adolescent sexual education. Methodology: A literature review of 31 articles published between 2016 and 2021, disseminated in the Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs, and Google Scholar databases. Findings: There is scientific evidence on the influence of information technologies on adolescent sexual education, with positive effects across the reviewed articles. The application of various technologies in sexual education programs was evident, highlighting the use of mobile phones, social networks, websites, and telemedicine. The topics addressed were related to changes in knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding sexual and reproductive health among adolescents. There remains an omission of essential learning areas for comprehensive sexual education, as well as limited evidence regarding the negative effects and risks associated with the use of information and communication technologies. Conclusions: It is necessary to conduct research that consolidates the implementation of digital health interventions to develop innovative policies for adolescent sexual and reproductive health at the national level.
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Psychosocial impact of malocclusion in adolescents from an educational institution in Pomabamba - Ancash- 2018.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-05-12) López Guzmán, Jairo Santos Jesús; Vergara Pinto, Brenda Roxana
A total of 226 secondary school adolescents participated in this study to determine the presence and severity of malocclusion. The observation technique using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) (Appendix 1) was employed to calculate the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, which was assessed using the PIDAQ questionnaire (Appendix 2). The study was conducted at the Educational Institution of Pomabamba - Ancash, where the following data were evaluated: malocclusion, psychosocial impact, gender, and age. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 statistical package, with a significance level of 0.05. The relationship between malocclusion and social impact in secondary school adolescents was observed. In the case of absence: mild malocclusion 20.8% (47), evident malocclusion 22.1% (50), severe malocclusion 20.4% (46), and very severe malocclusion 22.1% (50). In the case of presence: mild malocclusion 2.7% (6), evident malocclusion 3.1% (7), severe malocclusion 4% (9), and very severe malocclusion 4.9% (11). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between malocclusion and psychosocial impact.
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Relationship between dental fluorosis and self-esteem in patients who attend a private dental clinic, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-12-07) Quispe Alberto, Rocío Roxana; Evaristo Quipas, Pamela
The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between dental fluorosis and self-esteem in patients attending a private dental clinic. The study was quantitative, non-experimental, correlational, with 60 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years participating. To assess the degree of fluorosis, the Dean Index was used, and for self-esteem, the Rosenberg Scale was used. The technique employed was observation using a validated data collection instrument. It was found that, among the 8 patients with grade 1 dental fluorosis, 37.5% had low self-esteem, another 37.5% had high self-esteem, and 25% had medium self-esteem. This suggests that among patients with grade 1 dental fluorosis, there is a balanced distribution between low and high self-esteem levels. Among the 28 patients with grade 2, 60.7% had medium self-esteem, indicating that most presented at this level. Among the 11 patients with grade 3 fluorosis, 54.5% had low self-esteem, showing the highest correlation. Among the 8 patients with grade 4 fluorosis, 87.5% had low self-esteem, representing the highest frequency. Finally, among the 5 patients with grade 5 fluorosis, 80% had low self-esteem, showing the highest correlation at this level. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between dental fluorosis and self-esteem level (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05).
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Sexual Behavior of Adolescents from 15 to 19 years old Associated with the use of Contraceptive Methods
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-08-26) Pariona Quispe, Guisella Alicia; Arone Palomino, Susana Filomena
Objective: To determine and analyze the scientific evidence on the sexual behavior of adolescents aged 15 to 19 years associated with the use of contraceptive methods. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using virtual libraries such as Google Scholar, Redib, Redalyc, and Scielo. Results: A total of 40 articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the articles (37) were from Latin America and the Caribbean, while only 3 were from Spain. It was evident that the main factor affecting adolescents' sexual behavior is misinformation. Additionally, many studies agree that adolescents start their sexual lives at a very early age due to social pressure, curiosity, parental issues, and more. Conclusion: Most of the analyzed articles do not show a significant relationship between the sexual behavior of adolescents aged 15 to 19 years and the use of contraceptive methods. It is concluded that adolescents lack knowledge or hold incorrect information about contraceptive methods, putting their sexual health at risk, including exposure to sexually transmitted diseases or unintended pregnancies.
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Sociocultural characteristics of adolescence as a risk factor for obstetric and perinatal complications
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-12-02) Pimentel Sánchez, Johana Mayumi; García Puicón, Lady Yanina
The objective of the study was: To determine the scientific evidence on the sociocultural characteristics of adolescence as risk factors for obstetric and perinatal complications. The study method was a qualitative narrative review. Results: 57% of these were of a transversal descriptive type, according to the Grade system, 25% of the studies were of a high level, for the articles on the level of quality of the evidence reviewed where the high level is 25%, in the moderate 17% and 58% of the studies reviewed were of low level. According to scientific evidence on the social characteristics of adolescence as risk factors for obstetric and perinatal complications, an incidence of 11% of adolescents who were in the middle adolescence stage (14-16 years) was reported, an incidence of 16%. of adolescents who were in the late stage (17-19 years). Regarding the cultural characteristics of adolescence as risk factors for obstetric and perinatal complications, it showed that 14% of adolescents received incomplete secondary education. Conclusions: There is high-level scientific evidence on the sociocultural characteristics of adolescence as risk factors for obstetric and perinatal complications.