Examinando por Materia "Australia"

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 26

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Aspiration of subglottic secretions as an effective alternative for the prevention of pneumonia in patients with mechanical ventilation
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-29) Costa Pisfil, Erika Amavila; Elías Garcia, Karen Pamela; Avila Vargas Machuca, Jeannette Giselle
Objectives Systematize evidence on the effectiveness of subglottic aspirations for reducing pneumonia in patients with mechanical ventilation. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search was based exclusively on articles with full text, and the chosen studies were subjected to a critical reading, based on the GRADE evaluation to identify their level of evidence. In the selection, 10 articles were chosen, of which 20% (2/10) correspond to the United States, 20% (2/10) Australia, 10% (1/10) to India, 20% (2/10) ) Canada, 10% (1/10) China, 10% (1/10) France and 10% (1/10) Belgium. Of these there are 2 systematic reviews, 4 meta-analyses, 3 clinical trials and 1 control study, all of high quality. Results: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 100% (10/10) demonstrated that aspiration of subglottic secretions reduces the incidence of pneumonia and edema problems compared to tracheal aspirations. Conclusions: It was shown that aspiration of subglottic secretions is effective in reducing the risk of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation.
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Complications of cervical collar use in trauma patients requiring immobilization
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-11-12) Montero Crisologo, Diana Carolina; Vega López, Karen Rocio; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Methodology: Systematic, observational and retrospective review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading to identify their level of evidence. In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 30% (03) correspond to the United States, with 20% (02) in Holland, while with 10% (01) we find England, Iran, Norway, Australia and Iceland respectively. Among the systemic reviews we find the countries of the United States, Norway, England and Iran, which account for 40% of the studies carried out, also with 20% we have prospective studies belonging to Australia and Holland, 20% of retrospective studies carried out in the US and the Netherlands, 10% corresponds to a US randomized controlled trial. Results: Of the 10 articles found, 6 of them mention that one of the first most frequent complications are pressure ulcers, followed by 2 articles that tell us that there is an increase in intracranial pressure caused by excessive adjustment of the cervical collar and 2 articles where the authors agree with the presence of pressure ulcers and increased intracranial pressure. In this way we were able to confirm that there are complications from the use of the cervical collar in traumatized patients who require immobilization. The authors confirm that pressure ulcers are due to the patient's skin type and the length of time the collar is worn. Conclusions: Of the total number of articles analyzed, 100% confirm that the use of the cervical collar produces compilations such as pressure ulcers at primary and secondary level, jugular venous pressure and tissue interface pressure in traumatized patients requiring immobilization.
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Effectiveness of an educational intervention in children to improve the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices about washing hands before consuming food
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-29) Francia Niño de Guzmán, Lourdes Durley; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: Analyze the Effectiveness of an educational intervention in children to improve knowledge, attitudes and practices of hand hygiene before consuming food, interventions to improve healthy lifestyles. Materials and Methods: Simple, observational systematic verification of research results, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of community practice. The search was based on complete articles, which were used in critical reading, using the grade system to assign the strength of suggestion. The articles are: Israel 10% (01/10), Cuba 10% (01/10) Ethiopia 10% (01/10) Mexico 20% (02/10) Venezuela 10% (01/10) Spain 10% (01 /10) Australia 10% (01/10) Nepal 10% (01/10) and Brazil 10% (01/10). Results: The results related to hand washing before eating food indicate that not all children have the knowledge, adequate practices and hygiene materials required for adequate hygiene, therefore there will not be a complete and effective activity for the practice. healthy. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the level of knowledge, practices and attitudes about hand washing before eating food prevents diseases in children and their caregivers, is reflected in hygiene and hand washing practices.
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Effectiveness of an educational program to strengthen knowledge for better self-care in patients with chronic kidney disease
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Cardozo Alfaro, Linda Caroline; Napurí Bazalar, Bryan Jesús; Remuzgo Artezano, Anika
Material and methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the hierarchy of the grade system to identify their level of evidence. Results: 10 scientific articles have been analyzed, mostly quasi-experimental studies in 80% and 20% systematic reviews. 30% of the research found is from Spain, 10% from Cuba, 10% from Nicaragua, 10% from Australia and 10% from China. 100% of the articles reviewed systematically agree that an educational program is effective to strengthen the self-care of patients with chronic kidney disease. The educational programs promote knowledge by carrying out a systematic and continuous plan to strengthen self-care, so that patients have a better quality of life.
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Effectiveness of bundles to reduce bloodstream infections in patients with central lines in critical units
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-29) Navarro Asencios, Carlos Alfredo; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa María
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of bundles to reduce bloodstream infections in patients with a central line in critical units. Material and methods: Systematic observational and retrospective review, subjected to critical reading and using the GRADE evaluation system to identify the degree of evidence of the articles published in the following databases: Epistemonikos, Sciencedirect, PubMed, Researchgate. Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 30% are of high quality as described below: 30% (n= 3/10) are meta-analyses and 70% (n= 7/10) are of medium quality represented by 50% (n= 5/10) are cohort studies and 20% (n= 2/10) are quasi-experimental and come from the countries of the Netherlands (20%), Taiwan (20%) followed by Belgium (10%), Korea (10%), Chile (10%), Australia (10%), Colombia (10%), and Thailand (10%). Conclusion: Bundles are effective in reducing bloodstream infections in patients with central lines in critical units.
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Effectiveness of coaching to strengthen nursing leadership
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-01-27) Cotrina Montenegro, Esther Graciela de los Milagros; Mendigure Fernández, Julio
Systematic, observational, retrospective review. Population of 10 articles in database, full text, no older than 10 years, grade system was used to determine strength and quality of evidence; 40% of articles come from the US, 10% from Australia and the United Kingdom, 20% from Brazil and Peru. 100% of articles agree that the Coaching strategy contributes to strengthening leadership in nurse managers, with transformational leadership predominating. Strengthening leadership favors respect and satisfactory interpersonal relationships with collaborators; self-knowledge, positive attitudinal changes, security, trust, resilience and emotional maturity, contributing to greater commitment, management capacity, communication, decision making, conflict resolution, improving work performance and achievement of institutional objectives.
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Effectiveness of CPR video recording in learning feedback of health personnel
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-22) Huamaccto Ochante, Emma Flor; Celestino Calle, Luz Verhonica; Matta Solis, Hernán Hugo
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of CPR video recording in learning feedback from health personnel Material and methods: A systematic review of international research is carried out, obtained through databases: Epistemonikos, NCBI, PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar and Scielo, which have been analyzed using the grade system to locate the degree of evidence. The search has been carried out using the DECS and MESH descriptors for the search in Spanish and English respectively. 40% (4/10) of the reviewed articles correspond to the USA, 20% (2/10) correspond to Australia and 40% (4/10) correspond to Belgium, Italy, China and Malaysia respectively. Results: 100% (10/10) of the evidence indicates that video-recorded CPR is effective in learning feedback from health personnel. Conclusions: 10 out of 10 evidence demonstrates CPR video recording is effective in learning feedback from health personnel.
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Effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide in reducing contamination of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital environment
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-27) Carrera Gonzales, Jarumi Ananda; Dominguez Cuevas, Eddy Johnny; Basurto Santillán, Ivan Javier
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide to reduce the contamination of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital environment. Material and methods: Systematic observational and retrospective review, subjected to critical reading and using the GRADE evaluation system to identify the degree of evidence of the articles published in the following databases Epistemonikos, Researchgate, PubMed, Scielo and Sciencedirect. Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 50% of high quality and 50% of moderate quality are described below: 20% (n= 2/10) are systematic reviews, 30% (n= 3/10) are randomized controlled trials, 10% (n= 1/10) are quasi-experimental and 40% (n= 4/10) are cohort studies and belong to the countries of England (40%), followed by the United States (30%), Greece (10%), France (10%) and Australia (10%). Results: 100% (n=10/10) indicate that hydrogen peroxide is effective in reducing the contamination of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital environment. Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide is effective in reducing contamination of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital environment.
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Effectiveness of implementation strategies to improve adherence to care protocols in emergency services
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-22) Ramos Cavero, Carla Vanessa; Chipa Quispe, Lisbeth; Matta Solis, Hernán Hugo
Objective: Systematize evidence on the effectiveness of implementation strategies to improve adherence to care protocols in emergency services. Material and methods: Systematic review, use of the GRADE evaluation system. Databases: Epistemonikos, NCBI, PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar and Scielo. The search has been carried out using the DECS and MESH descriptors for the search in Spanish and English respectively. 30% (3/10) of the articles reviewed correspond to the USA and Australia respectively, and 20% (2/10) correspond to Holland, Canada and England respectively. Results: 70% (07/10) of the evidence indicates that the implementation of strategies is effective in improving adherence to protocols in the emergency service, and 30% (3/10) indicates that there is insufficient information, heterogeneity of data and the need to adequately verify scientific articles to determine the effectiveness of implementation strategies in improving adherence to care protocols in emergency services. Conclusions: 7 out of 10 evidence demonstrate that implementation strategies are effective in improving adherence to protocols in emergency services, and 3 out of 10 evidence demonstrate that there is insufficient information, heterogeneity of data and the need to verify scientific articles in a manner adequate to determine the effectiveness of the topic under study.
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Effectiveness of peripherally inserted central catheter in lower limbs compared to insertion in upper limbs for reducing mechanical complications and infection in neonates in intensive care
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-08) Catanaima Ramírez, Yumaris Valentina; Avila Vargas Machuca, Jeannette Giselle
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of the PICC in MS compared to insertion in MI in reducing complications in neonates hospitalized in the NICU. Method: The Systematic Review design was used, the search was limited to articles with full text, submitted to a critical reading, using Jover's evaluation to identify its level of evidence. Results: 10 articles were selected corresponding to China 20%, Canada 30%, Australia 10%, Sweden 10% and USA 30% comparatively. 40% of the studies stated that they did not find significant differences in complications that require removal of the PICC, 40% stated that the non-central position is a risk factor for complications and elimination, the tendency for which increases in MS, and 20% stated that the PICC placement in MI is associated with significantly increased risk of complications. Conclusions: Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 6/10 showed mechanical complications and infection depending on the insertion site, adding that the location center of the PICC tip can have a significant impact on complications. Only 4/10 articles did not find any difference in complications according to the insertion zone. Recommendations: Greater knowledge about the types of PICC complications according to insertion site: MS or MI, can help focus location-based prevention and surveillance efforts to improve safety and minimize PICC complications in patients. patient in the NICU.
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Effectiveness of pillows in reducing cervical thoracic pain and improving sleep in workers
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-22) Sánchez Salazar, Salomé; De la Cruz López, Katherine Lizeth; Calsin Pacompia, Wilmer
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of pillows in reducing cervical thoracic pain and improving sleep in workers. Material and methods: The type of quantitative research, the study design is a systematic review, the population was 176 articles, and the sample was 10 scientific articles published and indexed in scientific databases, the instrument was a search based on Data: Pubmed, Epistemonikos, MEDLINE For the evaluation of the articles, the GRADE system was used, which evaluated the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendation. Results: The 100% articles correspond to the United States 10%, Thailand 10%, Australia 20%, China 20%, South Korea 20% and Italy 20%. In relation to the designs and types of studies, 90% were randomized controlled trials, 10% were retrospective comparative trials and 10% were systematic reviews. Conclusion: It was concluded that 100% of authors point out the effectiveness of the use of pillows of all types that allow the reduction of cervical thoracic pain and the improvement of sleep in workers within their home, taking into account the shape or latex design. or viscoelastic, made of cool material, the height and dimension of the layers that can provide comfort.
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Effectiveness of Surgical Care Bundles in Reducing the Risk of Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-02) Rodriguez Oro, Kharen Fabiola; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Objective: Systematize evidence on the effectiveness of surgical care bundles to reduce the risk of surgical site infections in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Material and methods: Systematic retrospective and observational review subject to critical reading and using the GRADE system as an evaluation tool to identify the quality of scientific evidence published in the following sources of information. Epistemonikos, Scielo, Sciencedirect Researchgate and PubMed. Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 20% of high quality and 80% of moderate quality are described below: 20% (n= 2/10) are meta-analyses and 80% (n= 8/10) are cohort studies respectively and belong to the countries of the United States (60%), Japan (10%), Australia (10%), Holland (10%) and England (10%).Results: 100% (n=10/10) indicate that surgical care bundles are effective in reducing the risk of surgical site infections in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Conclusion: Surgical care bundles are effective in reducing the risk of surgical site infections in patients undergoing colorectal surgeries.
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Effectiveness of the mindfulness intervention to reduce stress levels, improve the health and well-being of workers
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-02) Lévano De La Cruz, Jessica Fanny; Obando Llontop, Zoila America Soledad; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa María
Objective: Systematize the linked evidence on the effectiveness of the mindfulness intervention to reduce stress levels, improve the health and well-being of workers. Materials and methods: The search was synthesized in 10 international investigations, where it was found that 40% of the investigations found correspond to the United States, 20% Australia, another 10% Colombia, 20% the United Kingdom and another 10% to Spain . Regarding the research design, 40% are experimental, 30% are randomized controlled trials, 10% are meta-analysis, 20% are systematic reviews, therefore, 100% of the evidence is of high quality; The data were obtained from Pubmed, Epistemonikos and scielo. Results: 100% of the evidence reviewed demonstrates that the mindfulness intervention is effective in reducing stress levels and improving the health and well-being of workers. Conclusions: After reviewing the evidence we can say that 10/10 evidence demonstrates that the mindfulness intervention is effective in reducing stress levels and improving the health and well-being of workers.
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Effectiveness of the practice in the frequency of use of chlorhexidine administration for the prevention of pneumonia in patients with mechanical ventilation
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-11-12) Estrada Galdos, Margarita; Quiroz Ramos, Luz Kimberlin; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: Systematize the evidence about the effectiveness of the practice in the administration of chlorhexidine for the prevention of pneumonia in patients with mechanical ventilation. Material and methods: Regarding the effectiveness in preventing pneumonia with oropharyngeal decontamination with chlorhexidine 3 times a day or more compared to 1 and 2 times a day in patients with mechanical ventilation, they were found in the following databases: Researchgate, PubMed, Data Cochrane Library, Wiley, ScienceDirect, Springer Link. Of 10 articles systematically reviewed, 4 are systematic meta-analysis reviews (40%), 3 are systematic reviews (30%}, 1 is a randomized controlled clinical trial (10%}, 1 is a quasi-experimental (10%) and 1 is a cohort study {10%). These come from Italy, Belgium, Colombia and Australia {10% each), Spain and Brazil (20%), China (30%). Results: 50% of the articles reviewed do not find differences in effectiveness, with a frequency of use of chlorhexidine of 1 to 2 times a day versus 3 times or more, while the other 50% reveal in favor of the use of Chlorhexidine is three times more effective in oropharyngeal decontamination. Conclusion: The use of chlorhexidine in oropharyngeal decontamination is effective for the prevention of pneumonia, however, 50% of the evidence indicates that its effectiveness is not related to practices in the frequency of use.
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Efficacy of a closed suction system compared with open suction system on hemodynamic changes in patients with mechanical ventilation
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-03) Ganto Yarasca, Rosario; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objectives: Systematize the evidence on hemodynamic changes in patients with mechanical ventilation as a consequence of the use of the closed aspiration system and the open aspiration system. Methodology: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the research has been restricted to articles with full text, the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using Jover's evaluation to identify their degree of evidence. Results: After the review, very diverse related research was obtained. In the final selection, 10 articles were selected corresponding to Brazil and Iran with 3 articles each, Turkey with 2 and Australia and Holland with 1 article each comparatively. Conclusions: It was shown that in the studies analyzed there is evidence on the effectiveness of a system closed suction system compared to the open suction system in the hemodynamic changes of patients with mechanical ventilation, 60% (6/10) demonstrated an incidence in hemodynamic changes, while 40% (4/10) do not accept hemodynamic changes or no significant changes were recorded in the use of both systems. Recommendations from consensus and specialists suggest the importance of monitoring hemodynamic changes that may occur in patients during the aspiration procedure, regardless of whether it is performed with the closed system or the open system to prevent complications. They recommend the closed aspiration system as safer. And they clarify that nursing staff should not perform aspiration as part of a scheduled routine due to possible adverse effects.
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Efficacy of ambulatory exercise to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-29) Alvarado Valdivia, Gloria Carmen; Penadillo Cueva, Lizbeth; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Objective: Systematize evidence on the effectiveness of ambulatory aerobic exercise to improve quality of life in patients with congestive heart failure. Material and methods: Systematic observational and retrospective review, subjected to critical reading and the GRADE evaluation system was used to identify the degree of evidence of the articles published in the following databases: Epistemonikos, Infomed and Pubmed. Of the 11 articles systematically reviewed, 100% were of high quality as described below: 82% (n= 9/11) are Systematic Review, 9% (n=1/11) are experimental and 9% ( n=1/11) is a meta-analysis and comes from the following countries: England (27.2%), Australia (18.2%), United States (18.2%), Japan (9.1%), Cuba (9.1%) and Netherlands (9.1%) and Taiwan (9.1%). Results: 100% (11/11) (10/12) indicate that outpatient exercise is effective in improving the quality of life of patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Conclusion: Ambulatory exercise is effective in improving the quality of life of patients with congestive heart failure.
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Efficacy of early mobilization in intensive care unit patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Delgado Marquina, Cecilia; Ruiz Burgos, Laura Isabel; Calsin Pacompia, Wilmer
This is a Systematic Review that consists of 10 research articles with full text that describe the results of its application in the early mobilization of patients hospitalized in intensive care units, as well as the benefits that this entails. The selected articles were subjected to a reading. criticism, using the Grade evaluation to identify its level of evidence. 60% (06) of the research found correspond to systematic reviews, the countries being Brazil (20%); USA, Canada, France and Australia with 10% each; and 40% (4) correspond to quantitative scientific articles from the countries Colombia, France, Brazil and Switzerland. Results: 90% (9) of the total of articles reviewed (10) indicated that early mobilization is effective, safe and has beneficial effects for the patient in intensive care units; in addition to having a significantly positive impact on the functional outcomes of patients; reduces associated complications derived from prolonged bed rest and also reduces the length of hospital stay. Conclusion: it was evident that 90% of studies affirm that early mobilization is an effective, safe and beneficial therapy to reduce complications and the stay of hospitalized patients in intensive care units.
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Efficacy of enteral nutrition by nasojejunal tube compared with nasogastric tube in critically ill patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-11-12) Palomino Huaraca, Elvis; Rojas Espinoza, Juan Rommel; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the GRADE evaluation to identify their level of evidence. Pudmed, Scielo, Bvs, Medline (2002 – 2017) were searched for studies comparing gastric and jejunal feeding in critically ill patients. The 10 scientific articles systematically reviewed correspond to China, Australia, Canada, Georgia, London. Results: In the final selection, a sample was chosen from the total of 10 articles systematically reviewed, we found that 60% (n = 6/10) 6 of the articles show that the placement of the nasojejunal tube reduces gastric residual volume and provides better result in nutritional status, meanwhile 40% of the reviewed articles concluded that there is no variation and significance in the use of the nasojejunal or nasogastric tube, both being equal when providing enteral nutritional support. Conclusions: The systematic review of the 10 scientific articles on the effectiveness of enteral nutrition by nasojejunal tube compared to the nasogastric tube in improving indicators of the nutritional status of critically ill patients, 60% (n=06/10) showed that the Enteral nutrition via nasojejunal tube is more effective compared to nasogastric tube in improving indicators (BMI, kcal per day, serum albumin, pre-albumin, transferrin) of the nutritional status of the critically ill patient.
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Efficacy of interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children under five years of age
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-08) Rodriguez Gonzales, Raquel; Torres Paucar, Milena Haais; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
Objective: Systematize evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children under 5 years of age. Material and methods: Systematic Reviews are an observational and retrospective approach. 10 articles were selected and the analysis of the review is constituted in a summary table. The database was used: Journal, Scielo, Cochrane Plus, etc. Results: In the conclusive selection, 10 articles were chosen, 30% belong to Australia, 20% to Spain, and 50% belong to Peru, Mexico, England, the USA and Italy, respectively. Of the studies reviewed, 70% are systematic reviews and 30% are clinical trials. Where 85% effectiveness of interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children under 5 years of age is evident. Conclusions: Of the 10 articles reviewed, an effectiveness of 85% is confirmed, having a greater impact on small or local groups, which use different mechanisms to change nutrition styles in children under 5 years of age. Experimental research shows changes in diet, physical activity and decreased hours of entertainment, for which mothers actively participate.
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Efficacy of local anesthesia in reducing pain in patients with a prescription for bladder catheterization, in emergencies
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-08) Murgueytio Atuncar, Sheyla Johana; Torres Aragón, Victor Hugo; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Objective: Systematize available studies on the effectiveness of local anesthesia in reducing pain in patients with a prescription for bladder catheterization in an emergency. Materials and methods: The study responds to the quantitative approach, systematic review design, population 19 articles and the sample of 10 studies, studies were located in the Cochrane Plus, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo, Epistemonikos, Intramed databases. A critical and intensive assessment of each study was carried out, the quality of the evidence and the strength of recommendation for each study were determined through the GRADE method. Of 10 articles reviewed, 80% (8/10) were randomized clinical trials, 20% (2/10) Meta-analysis. The evidence found comes from the United States (40%), Canada (20%), Israel (20%), Singapore (10%) and Australia (10%). Results: Of the evidence found, 60% (n=6/10) indicate that local anesthesia is effective in reducing pain in patients prescribed bladder catheterization; while 40% (n=4/10) demonstrate that local anesthesia is not effective in reducing pain in patients prescribed bladder catheterization. Conclusion: local anesthesia is effective in reducing pain in patients prescribed bladder catheterization.