Examinando por Materia "Drug Utilization"

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Ahorro económico por uso de sistema de distribución de dosis unitaria de medicamentos y material médico quirúrgico en la sala de unidad de cuidados intensivos de pacientes COVID-19 del Hospital Dos de Mayo durante el periodo 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-01-19) Rojas Chaparro, Patricia Ethel; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
Healthcare institutions in our country do not achieve economic autonomy; therefore, they have the responsibility to manage resources in accordance with the law in a correct, timely, efficient, and economical manner, minimizing and recovering costs. This thesis aimed to determine the economic savings of the unit dose distribution system for medications and surgical medical supplies in the intensive care unit for COVID-19 patients at Dos de Mayo Hospital during the 2020 period. Methodology: The research was basic, with an observational design, a quantitative approach, and descriptive analysis based on entry notes from return forms, with 260 entry notes as the sample. The method used was deductive, and the data collection instrument was an observation sheet. Results: The savings percentages for returned medications and surgical medical supplies through the Unit Dose Distribution System were estimated as follows: 46.95% (S/.8,319.04) due to discharge, 35.79% (S/.4,307.89) from overstock reduction, 56.12% (S/.5,732.26) due to treatment changes, 13.07% (S/.82.71) from prescription errors, 39.80% (S/.7,681.76) due to deaths, and 5.11% (S/.246.57) due to adverse drug reactions (ADR), totaling an overall savings percentage of 40.74%, equivalent to S/.26,370.23. Conclusions: The study successfully analyzed the savings conditions for medications and surgical medical supplies returned through the Unit Dose Distribution System, highlighting key indicators that facilitate the interaction between pharmaceutical staff and the multidisciplinary team, including nursing, nutrition, and general medical staff, to optimize resources.
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Análisis e interpretación de la prescripción y ahorro económico en la farmacia Satélite de Áreas Críticas del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, enero–marzo 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-11-27) Paredes Casablanca, Alexis Arnaldo; León Yauri, Yelena Milagros; Caldas Herrera, Emma
Descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study whose objective was to determine whether Prescription Analysis and Interpretation generates economic savings in the Satellite Pharmacy of Critical Care Areas of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. This was carried out through the evaluation of prescriptions from hospitalized patients in the emergency observation wards (n = 301), identifying non-dispensed medicines and medical devices, which—excluding products with zero stock—were quantified. These quantities and costs were recorded in a data collection instrument that established three dimensions of savings: prescriptions with duplications, prescriptions not aligned with treatment, and excessive prescriptions. Finally, the data were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics Base 22.0 to estimate proportions and means. Results indicate that Prescription Analysis and Interpretation in the Satellite Pharmacy of Critical Care Areas generated economic savings amounting to 1,996.82 soles in the sample, with an estimated 16,652.39 soles for a population of 2,510 prescriptions.
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Automedicación en la población del grupo 7, sector III de Villa El Salvador. Lima – Perú
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-02) Huapaya Arias, Sandra Elizabeth; Rosas Justiniano, Estefani; Caldas Herrera, Emma
The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics and prevalence of self-medication in the population of Group 7 of Sector III of the district of Villa El Salvador in December 2016. The research was descriptive in type, with an observational, cross-sectional, and prospective design. The study sample consisted of 384 inhabitants. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire-type survey, designed and validated by Bautista. There is a high prevalence of self-medication (46.1%) in the study population, with the highest prevalence found in the age group of 17–39 years (62.7%), those with secondary education (40.7%), and those with health insurance (63.8%). The distribution of prevalence according to gender and occupation was similar. Acute Respiratory Infection (41.8%) and pain (35.0%) were the most frequent diseases, symptoms, or discomforts that led to self-medication. Analgesics (26.6%), anti-inflammatory drugs (26.0%), antibiotics (13.6%), and antihistamines (13.0%) were the pharmacological groups most frequently used in self-medication. Among the reasons found to predispose self-medication were: being required to present a medical prescription at the pharmacy (72.3%), knowledge of medicines to treat their illness (68.9%), lack of time to see a doctor (65.5%), recommendation from third parties (64.4%), and having previous prescriptions for similar illnesses (54.2%).
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Automedicación en pacientes del servicio de farmacia de consulta externa 2 del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, abril de 2014
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Quiroga Gutiérrez, Dina; Rodríguez Parodi, Diana Leonor; Caldas Herrera, Emma
Self-medication is a common practice in the Peruvian population that has become a serious public health problem. Self-medication is understood as the use of medicines without prior consultation with a professional physician. Objective: To verify the characteristics of self-medication in patients of the outpatient pharmacy service No. 2 of the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital, April 2014. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. To calculate the population size, data provided by the Statistics Department of the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital from January to March 2014 were used. The three-month average was a total of 8,777 patients. The study sample consisted of 368 patients directly surveyed in April 2014. A validated data collection instrument (survey) was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19.0. Results: Of the total 368 patients surveyed, 100% practiced self-medication. Female sex had a prevalence of 54.62%. The most consumed drugs were anti-inflammatories (26.90%), antipyretics/cold remedies (20.11%), analgesics (16.58%), and antibiotics (12.23%). The main diseases or symptoms for self-medication were joint pain (44.3%), acute respiratory infection (29.6%), and gastrointestinal infection (12.2%). The main causes of self-medication were: having knowledge about the medicines to treat the disease (82.88%), delay of medical appointments (75.27%), lack of time to attend medical consultation (66.30%), no prescription required at the pharmacy (63.32%), and recommendation by third parties (57.61%). The level of knowledge about the consequences of self-medication was high, with 67.70%. Conclusions: The characteristics of self-medication were verified in patients of the outpatient pharmacy service No. 2 of the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital in April 2014, with a prevalence of 100%. Joint pain and acute respiratory infection were the most frequent symptoms for self-medication. The most consumed pharmacological groups were anti-inflammatories and cold remedies.
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Características de la prescripción, disponibilidad y expendio de antimicrobianos en establecimientos farmacéuticos (farmacias y boticas), del distrito de Puente Piedra – DISA V. Enero 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-22) Huamani Casimiro, Lili Raquel; Quispe Huarcaya, Blanca Diana; Caldas Herrera, Emma
The research work has as its objective: to determine the “Characteristics of Prescription, Availability, and Dispensing of Antimicrobials in Pharmaceutical Establishments (Pharmacies and Drugstores) of the District of Puente Piedra – DISA V, January 2018.” Methodology: This corresponds to a descriptive, observational, prospective, cross-sectional, quantitative, non-experimental study. The spatial universe comprised 18 sectors with a total of 237 pharmaceutical establishments (5 pharmacies and 232 drugstores) in the district of Puente Piedra, during the period from January 1 to January 31, 2018. Data collection was carried out using standardized forms (Care and Dispensing). Results: The results obtained indicate that the proportion of prescriptions with prescribed antimicrobials was 84%. Furthermore, 70% of the prescribed antimicrobials belonged to the National Essential Medicines List (PNUME), 60% contained their International Nonproprietary Name (INN), and the proportion of dispensed antimicrobials that were substituted was 2.2%, with a 95% confidence level. The proportion of prescribed antimicrobials with registered dosage was 87%, of which 98% had the administration frequency recorded and 99% had the duration of treatment documented. Conclusion: This research allowed us to determine the most frequent problems patients face when receiving a medical prescription. The dispensing process often results in the inappropriate dispensing of antimicrobials, and the lack of availability contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistance.
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Características de los medicamentos más vendidos y su variación en tiempos de COVID-19 en el establecimiento farmacéutico "Botica Napa", septiembre 2019–agosto 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-08-03) Sañac Romero, Richar; Ñañez del Pino, Daniel
The objective of this thesis was to determine the characteristics of the best-selling medications and their variation during the COVID-19 period at the BOTICA NAPA pharmaceutical establishment from September 2019 to August 2020. Methodology: This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study. A total of 172,221 medications sold before and during the pandemic were evaluated and analyzed according to their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and their intrinsic therapeutic value. Results: The most sold anatomical groups of medications were: anti-infectives for systemic use (19.56%), the nervous system (18.95%), and the respiratory system (14.39%). The most sold therapeutic groups were: antibacterials for systemic use (18.68%), analgesics (17.62%), anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic products (11.71%), and systemic antihistamines (10.40%). Furthermore, the intrinsic therapeutic value of the medications was 'high value' (78.78%), and 69.99% were monopharmaceuticals. The variation in the sales of the best-selling medications during the pandemic was very high, with the largest number of medications showing a sales variation of more than 100.00%. Conclusion: It was determined that the best-selling medications before and during the pandemic have a high value, are composed of a single drug, and their variation is very high across all anatomical and therapeutic groups.
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Características de prescripción y uso racional de medicamentos en infecciones respiratorias de pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Salud Juan Pablo II, año 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-07-21) Rondoy Murillo, Paula Rosa; Zacarias Ynciso, Maritza Flor; Collanque Pinto, Jesús Daniel
This research aimed to determine the characteristics of prescriptions and the rational use of medications for respiratory infections in patients treated at the Juan Pablo II Health Center. Materials and methods: The study was descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, and quantitative. Prescriptions filled at the pharmacy service for patients diagnosed with respiratory infections in 2017 were verified. The population consisted of 1,360 medical prescriptions, from which a sample of 315 was selected. Results: The indicators showed the following: dose registration was 81.3%; frequency registration was 74.3%; duration of treatment registration was 29.5%; and the route of administration registration was 71.4%. 46.3% of the prescriptions were legible, while 53.7% were illegible. Prescriptions that jointly met all five aspects considered in the research had a 4.1% compliance rate. The highest number of medications prescribed per prescription was two medications (38.7%), followed by three medications (34.6%). Regarding antibiotics prescribed for respiratory infections, 86.3% (272) had one antibiotic, and 4.8% (15) had two. A 100% compliance rate was found for medications included in the National Essential Medicines List (PNUME) and for prescribing medications by their International Nonproprietary Name (INN). Conclusion: It was determined that there are deficiencies in prescription characteristics related to indications, legibility, and non-compliance with the Manual of Good Prescribing Practices and the study's Prescription Characteristics Protocol. However, it was found that the rational use of medications complied with the established standards at a 100% rate.
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Caracterización de medicamentos, automedicación en usuarios de boticas del distrito de El Agustino periodo septiembre 2018–febrero 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-03-11) Cárdenas Carpio, Edith Reyna; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
Previous studies indicate that self-medication is deeply rooted in the Peruvian population, in both urban and rural areas. This creates a major public health problem, stemming not only from the user but also from the person who uses and dispenses the medication. Objective: To determine the characterization of medications and self-medication in users of drugstores in the El Agustino district from September 2018 to February 2019. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional study. A 16-question form was used to collect information from the variables in a sample of 384 users across 100 drugstores (approximately 3.8 people per drugstore). Results: The gender with the highest rate of self-medication was male (54.7%). 70.6% did not have health insurance, 90% consumed anti-inflammatory drugs, and 59.1% had only a secondary education level. Self-medication was found in individuals lacking financial resources and knowledge, compounded by the inappropriate practice of pharmacy technicians recommending medication without a prescription. Conclusions: A self-medication prevalence of 57.8% was found among users of drugstores in the El Agustino district.
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Caracterización del consumo de medicamentos; automedicación responsable, automedicación y autoprescripción en usuarios de boticas ubicadas en San Juan de Lurigancho 2016–2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-04-03) Calla Calla, Hermelinda María; Rosales Zurita, Verónica Vilvia; Chávez Fernández, Ana María
Irresponsible self-medication and self-prescription practices have increased among users of drugstores, becoming a public health problem. In Peru, regarding the use of health services, pharmacies and drugstores constitute the preferred places of care (MINSA 2013). The WHO advised that countries’ health policies should take responsible self-medication into account and seek ways to optimize its use with over-the-counter medicines under the supervision of a pharmacist. In our context, the practice of responsible self-medication is infrequent; however, its dissemination could reduce the overload in hospitals and health centers. For all the reasons stated, this research was considered important. It is concluded that 6.2% of drugstore users practice responsible self-medication, while 23.5% only self-medicate, and 70.3% self-prescribe. It is recommended to inform drugstore users, using simple language, about the existence of two groups of medicines established by law, and to provide education on when a condition should be considered minor and why. These tasks fall primarily on the expert in medicines, the pharmacist, since drugstores are the first places people go when they become ill.
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Conocimiento y actitudes en el uso racional de antimicrobianos en el personal médico de los departamentos de Medicina, Cirugía, Pediatría, UCI y Ginecología, en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, noviembre 2016
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-11-10) Ccasaya Huaman, Andrea; Ugarte Bustillos, Milagritos Rosaura; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
The present thesis aims to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes regarding the rational use of antimicrobials among the medical staff of the Departments of Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics, ICU, and Gynecology at the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, November 2016. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. A data collection form was developed as the instrument to measure the objectives, consisting of 35 knowledge questions and 5 attitude questions. For data analysis, the program SPSS Statistics 21 was used. Results: It was found that 41% did not have knowledge about the use of vancomycin. First-year residents obtained 22% in the high level of knowledge. The population aged 39–46 obtained 25% in the high level of knowledge, with men achieving 15% in the high level of knowledge. Pediatrics obtained the best results in the level of knowledge with 29%, while those with specialty studies in Pediatrics and Medicine obtained 33% in the high level of knowledge. A total of 69% of the medical staff achieved a high level of attitude, and 31% showed a regular level of attitude. By position, second- and third-year residents had 100% in the high level of attitude. By age range, those between 25–30 years obtained 93% in the high level of attitude, and women obtained 89% in the high level of attitude. Conclusion: It was determined that the medical staff has a regular level of knowledge and a high level of attitude.
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Conocimiento y actitudes sobre el uso de medicamentos genéricos en usuarios de Boticas Perú ubicadas en el distrito de Miraflores – Lima en el período 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-28) Mauricio Apaza, Gladys Maritza; Solis Silva, Violeta Elizabeth; Oyarce Alvarado, Elmer
This research focused on evaluating the level of knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of generic drugs among users who visit Boticas Perú in Miraflores-Lima in 2021. The methodology employed a deductive method with a non-experimental design in a single study group. The sample was composed of 175 users of Boticas Perú in the district of Miraflores. Additionally, the approach was quantitative, as the data were statistically analyzed to address the proposed research objectives. The instrument used consisted of two questionnaires, which were validated through the judgment of experts in the study area. These instruments evaluated the drugstore users at a single point in time to corroborate their knowledge about generic drugs. Based on the results, it was concluded that 56.6% of the users have a high level of knowledge about the use of generic drugs.
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Consumo de ansiolíticos y la dependencia ocasionada en los pobladores del asentamiento humano Huaycán en cadena de botica Inkafarma durante el año 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-11-30) Ollero Ibaceta, Jacqueline Nancy; Santos Serquén, Lourdes Fabiola; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between anxiolytic consumption and the resulting dependence among residents of the Huaycán Human Settlement at an Inkafarma drugstore chain in 2021. Methodology: The study was correlational, using a deductive method, a quantitative approach, a basic type, and a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. A validated questionnaire was used on a sample of 200 people. Result: All surveyed individuals consumed anxiolytics. The associated pathologies were anxiety disorders (46.5%), insomnia (19%), stress (18%), and depression and muscle pain (4%). The most consumed anxiolytics were benzodiazepines, specifically clonazepam (49%), alprazolam (39%), and diazepam (5%). The level of knowledge about the drugs was regular (82.5%), with 9% having little knowledge and 8.5% having no knowledge. Conclusion: It was determined that anxiolytic consumption is associated with pathologies like anxiety disorders and insomnia, with clonazepam and alprazolam being the most consumed benzodiazepines. The resulting dependence has a significant relationship with anxiolytic consumption.
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Consumo indiscriminado de medicamentos por pandemia COVID-19 en usuarios de boticas cercanas al mercado Ciudad de Dios San Juan de Miraflores marzo 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-07) Espinoza Medalla, Judith Eva; Calcina Laurente, Kelly Melissa; Ñañez del Pino, Daniel
The COVID-19 disease originated in China. The World Health Organization declared it a pandemic, leading to a public health crisis where the indiscriminate use of medications became a significant problem. The objective of this study was to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic relates to the indiscriminate consumption of medications among users of drugstores near the Ciudad de Dios market. Method: This was an inductive, quantitative, descriptive, non-participatory observational study. The sample consisted of 305 users. Results: 86.6% of respondents took medications without a prescription, and the most frequent signs and symptoms were headache and fever. The participants believed that the spread of the coronavirus disease was due to not wearing a mask, not washing hands, not social distancing, and not quarantining. They also believed that the lack of availability of care influenced their medication consumption. A high percentage self-medicated due to a lack of financial resources, for prevention, out of fear of contracting the disease, and due to the influence of the media. The most consumed medications were paracetamol and azithromycin. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is related to the indiscriminate consumption of medications.
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Consumo y gasto de antimicrobianos con consideraciones especiales de uso en el servicio de medicina interna sala "San Pedro" del Hospital Nacional Dos de mayo – 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-10) Ramón Villanueva, Cinthia Jackeline; Juárez Moreyra, Enrique
Introduction: The inappropriate use of antimicrobials is generating an increase in antimicrobial resistance, which has become a global problem. Objective: To determine the consumption and cost of antimicrobials with special usage considerations in the 'San Pedro' internal medicine ward of the Dos de Mayo National Hospital in 2019. Methodology: This was a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study. A documentary analysis technique was used for data collection, with information extracted from the pharmacy department's computer system. The ATC/DDD methodology was used to calculate the DDD/100 bed-days to represent antimicrobial consumption, and an arithmetic calculation was performed for the cost. Results: 13 antimicrobials were identified, of which meropenem had the highest demand, representing 35.70% of the annual total, while linezolid had the lowest turnover at 0.03%. The most consumed antimicrobial was meropenem, which had a DDD/100 bed-days of 10.81, followed by vancomycin with 9.27 DDD/100 bed-days. The total annual cost was 110.02 thousand soles. Conclusions: The consumption of 13 antimicrobials was determined, with meropenem being the most consumed and generating the highest total cost of 59.51 thousand soles.
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Diversidad de medicamentos usados en terapia COVID-19, en usuarios de boticas el Milagro. Distrito de Ventanilla – Provincia Callao. 2021–2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-10-04) Mendoza López, Edgardo; Justil Guerrero, Hugo Jesús
Objective: To describe the diversity of medications most used for COVID-19 therapy among users visiting "El Milagro" drugstores. Method: This study used a quantitative approach, a basic type, a non-experimental design, and a descriptive level. A sample of 114 users was taken, and a survey was used as the data collection technique. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics with the contingency or cross-tabulation table for the respective variables. Results: The young adult age group (18-26 years) was the most frequent among users visiting the drugstores as well as regarding the diversity of medications most used for COVID-19 therapy. Regarding the diversity of most used medications, 28.1% of users presented signs and symptoms, 59.6% presented signs and symptoms of a certain intensity, 44.7% were young adults, and 53.5% were male.
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Educación farmacéutica y su relación con el uso racional del medicamento en la botica "BIOSALUD" Ventanilla 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-10) Meza Peña, Roamir; Pinedo Panduro, Lauro Sócrates
The general objective assigned to this research was: To determine the relationship between pharmaceutical education and the rational use of medications in patients of the pharmacy "BIOSALUD" 2023. A hypothetical-deductive method was employed, with a quantitative approach, basic type, non-experimental design, correlational level, and cross-sectional scope. The population consisted of 151 patients, with a census sample and saturation sampling method. Data collection was conducted through surveys based on a questionnaire of 18 questions: 9 for variable I with 5 possible responses and 9 for variable II with 4 possible responses. The results showed a moderate positive correlation between pharmaceutical education and the rational use of medications, supported by a significant p-value (p<0.05) and a Spearman's rho correlation of 0.552. An even gender distribution was observed, with 53% female and 47% male participants. It was noted that the pharmaceutical educator provided quality information, empathy, and communication while allowing patient participation. This resulted in compliance with guidelines and recommendations, enabling patients to manage side effects and use medications in an informed manner. These findings suggest that pharmaceutical education is partially related to the rational use of medications in patients who visit the pharmacy "BIOSALUD" Ventanilla 2023. In other words, continuous pharmaceutical education proportionally increases the correct use of medications.
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Efectividad de la implementación de farmacia centro quirúrgico, en el Hospital Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz, Puente Piedra, periodo mayo–octubre 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-03-06) Silva Espinoza, Flor Beliza; Herencia Torres, Victor Reynaldo
The study measured the value of returned medications and medical devices during the period of January to May 2018 (S/ 22,897,338.00), which, when compared to 2017 (S/ 6,538,040.00), demonstrated a savings of S/ 16,359,298.00. In terms of clinical activity indicators, the number of returned items in 2018 was 16,750, compared to 1,461 in 2017, showing a recovery of 15,289 items of medications and medical supplies. The number of prescriptions filled by the Surgical Center Pharmacy after its implementation (May to October 2018) was 5,142, compared to 3,710 in 2017, for a difference of 2,778 prescriptions filled. The total value of medications during the study period showed a growth, reaching S/ 700,019.38. The number of surgical interventions attended by the Surgical Center Pharmacy in 2018 was 2,252, compared to 2,025 in 2017, a difference of 227 operations. The number of suspended surgical interventions decreased from 178 in 2017 to 162 in 2018, a reduction of 28 suspended operations. Emergency surgeries in 2018 were 1,103, compared to 1,006 in 2017, a difference of 97 operations. Operating room performance was 563 in 2018, compared to 506 in 2017, finding a difference of 57 interventions.
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Estudio comparativo de medicamentos dispensados antes y durante la pandemia COVID-19 en la botica Econobotica distrito Santa Anita, Lima Perú 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-06-10) Herrera Quispe, Techy; Huansi Sánchez, Geys; Oyarce Alvarado, Elmer
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an excessive consumption of medications from various pharmacological groups in the general population, which is attributed to the global health emergency. The objective of this thesis was to determine the most dispensed medications before and during the COVID-19 pandemic at the BOTICA ECONOBOTICA from May 2018 to October 2021. Methodology: The study methodology was observational and descriptive. A total of 79,416 medications dispensed by unit before and during the pandemic were evaluated, and six pharmacological groups were analyzed. Results: The analysis showed the corresponding results for each pharmacological group and their increase in dispensing before and during the pandemic. The most dispensed pharmacological groups were: Antibiotics (Before: 3,170 or 4%; During: 22,799 or 29%; dispensing increased by 619%); Analgesics (Before: 4,856 or 6%; During: 15,955 or 20%; dispensing increased by 229%); Corticosteroids (Before: 1,656 or 2%; During: 10,388 or 13%; dispensing increased by 527%); Anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) (Before: 4,644 or 6.9%; During: 6,017 or 8%; dispensing increased by 30%); Antiparasitics (Before: 150 or 0.02%; During: 3,418 or 4%; dispensing increased by 2179%); and Anxiolytics (Before: 2,979 or 3%; During: 3,384 or 4%; dispensing increased by 14%). There was a high increase in dispensing in these two different periods, before and during the pandemic, due to the fear and uncertainty generated by the pandemic. Conclusion: The dispensing and increase of the six pharmacological groups before and during the pandemic were determined, and this research concludes that there was an elevated dispensing of medications during the pandemic compared to the period before the pandemic, when dispensing was lower.
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Estudio de la automedicación en la población del distrito de Pachacamac, sector Manchay Portada I, II y III. Lima, 2016
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-05-12) Curilla Yachi, Diego Majcoll; Vega Espilco, Karina Lizbeth; Caldas Herrera, Emma
Self-medication, or the use of drugs without medical supervision, is a problem of both national and global concern. The objective of this research was to determine the characteristics of self-medication in the population of the Manchay Portada I, II, and III sectors of the Pachacamac district, Lima province, in 2016. A descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted. Information was collected through surveys from a sample of 365 people over the age of 18. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 statistical package. A rate of 93.9% of self-medication was found. The most consumed medications were antibiotics (37%), anti-inflammatories (23.9%), and analgesics (18.1%). The illnesses that led to self-medication were respiratory infections (30.3%), pain (25.1%), and inflammation (15.5%). The main causes were recommendations from third parties (97.9%), lack of time (98.5%), and no requirement for a medical prescription (61.2%). The results indicate a high incidence of self-medication, with 60.8% of the population being unaware of the issues, and only 39.2% having knowledge of the topic. Based on the results, it is suggested that educational campaigns on the rational use of medication be conducted for this population.
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Estudio de utilización de antibacterianos de reserva en las unidades de cuidados críticos e intermedios del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo durante 2012–2013
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Colán Ramos, Carlomagno Ademir; Gaspar Sales, Óscar Marcelo; Félix Véliz, Luis Miguel Visitación
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines drug utilization as “the marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs in a society, with particular attention to the resulting medical, social, and economic consequences.” Therefore, drug utilization studies are essential to assess the benefit/risk ratio of active pharmaceutical ingredients, detect deviations and distortions, and consequently implement appropriate corrective measures. The objective of this study was to determine the consumption and expenditure of reserve antibacterials in the critical and intermediate care units of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo during 2012–2013. Using the methodology recommended by the WHO for drug utilization studies in hospitals, data were presented in defined daily doses (DDD) per 100 bed-days (DDD/100 bed-days). Consumption data were obtained from the pharmacy management program, while the number of days, number of beds, and bed occupancy index were obtained from the Department of Statistics. During 2012–2013, it was determined that the carbapenem group ranked first in consumption in DDD/100 bed-days. Among these, meropenem was the most used in 2012, while imipenem + cilastatin was most used in 2013. Regarding expenditure, colistin accounted for 42% of the total cost during the study period. In conclusion, consumption and expenditure of reserve antibacterials quadrupled in 2013 compared to 2012; furthermore, no significant correlation was found between consumption and the bed occupancy index.