Ciencias de la Salud

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13053/17

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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-05-02) Maytán Rojas, Emely Dioni; Chunga Diaz, Tito Orlando
The main objective of this research was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic performance in secondary school students from a public educational institution in Andahuaylas, Peru, 2023. The methodology was quantitative, basic type, with a hypothetical-deductive method, correlational level, non-experimental design, and cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 152 students aged between 12 and 18 years, 80 male and 72 female. The instrument used was the BarOn Inventory to measure emotional intelligence, and documentary analysis was used for the academic performance variable. The results regarding the general hypothesis showed a considerable and significant positive correlation between the variables of study (r=0.537; p=0.000<0.01). Regarding the specific hypotheses, a correlation was also found in all the dimensions of emotional intelligence. In conclusion, the present study determined that emotional intelligence has a significant correlation with academic performance.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2016-12-01) Gómez Alcalá, Verónica José; Fernández Velazco, Juan Carlos; León, Gina
The distance between the FA point (midpoint of the vestibular axis of the clinical crown) and the WALA Border (anatomic structure located at the mucogingival junction of the lower maxilla) is important for determining the position of the lower maxillary teeth in Element I. These distances, lines, and reference points were described by Lawrence Andrews, who introduced the six keys to optimal occlusion, which have become a standard for evaluating the quality of occlusion in individuals. The evaluation of the vestibular anatomy of these models helped develop the straight arch appliance, which is characterized by providing brackets with three-dimensional information to perform optimal orthodontic treatment in a simpler way, without needing too many bends in the wires. Following these contributions, the philosophy of the six elements of Orofacial Harmony emerged. This analysis is important for personalized diagnostic evaluation of each patient. It is different because these analyses were conducted on people with different morphological characteristics who present different facial patterns and biotypes.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-02-15) Paz Olivera, Lucia Lucero; Garavito Chang, Enna Lucila
The objective of this research is to determine the prevalence of dental development abnormalities in number and position in patients aged 5 to 15 years with unilateral cleft lip and palate, treated at the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen Hospital, Lima, 2017. This was an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, and descriptive study. The population consisted of 44 panoramic radiographs taken from February 2016 to April 2017. The sample was probabilistic and was calculated using a formula, resulting in 40 panoramic radiographs. The collected data included: sex, age, location of the unilateral cleft lip and palate, and dental development abnormalities in number and position. The data entry and statistical analysis were performed using SPSS version 21. The results showed that 100% of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate had dental development abnormalities. It was observed that the prevalence was higher in males (77.5%) and that the left side was the most prevalent location for the unilateral cleft lip and palate (52.5%). The study concluded that every patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate presents some form of dental development abnormality.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-09-29) Canaza Chusi, Magaly Edith; Quintana del Solar, Carmen Inocencia
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of oral problems on the quality of life of schoolchildren. This was an observational, prospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study, with a randomly selected systematic sample. The sample consisted of 274 children aged 11-14 years enrolled in public educational institutions in Pamplona Alta, San Juan de Miraflores, 2016. The complete version of the CPQ 11-14 questionnaire, consisting of 37 questions, was used. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent t-test (p < 0.05), ANOVA (p < 0.05), and the Chi-Square test (p < 0.05). The total CPQ score was 40.89 ± 17.34, with 97.81% showing a very high dental caries index (8.18), with greater impact in 14-year-olds. Additionally, 17.52% had dental trauma, with a predominance in males and 13-year-olds, and 48.18% had a need for orthodontic treatment, with both sexes being affected and a predominance in 12 to 13-year-olds. In conclusion, there was a high prevalence of dental caries, low prevalence of dental trauma, and a need for orthodontic treatment. Oral problems did not negatively influence the quality of life of the schoolchildren.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Yarleque Medina, Diana Ynes; Mezzich Gálvez, Jorge Luis
The study was cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective. It was conducted using a total of 264 digital panoramic radiographs, with 116 from males and 148 from females, employing the Demirjian method to estimate dental age based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria established for the study, obtained from the Dental Imaging Center. The method is based on developmental stages by observing the mineralization state of the 7 lower left dental pieces and the score given based on the mineralization stage of each piece according to the Demirjian method. Results: A difference between dental age and chronological age was observed, with boys being 1.04 years ahead of their chronological age and girls being 0.9 years ahead. Conclusion: It was concluded that the Demirjian method provided better results for estimating dental age in the female population.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-10-26) Meza Chu, Roberto Carlos; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the cariogenic potential of the diet consumed by students of the Dental School of the University Wiener. The sample consisted of all first-cycle students who met the inclusion criteria, totaling 97 students, who were interviewed using a validated instrument. The results were processed using the SPSS version 19 statistical program, employing descriptive statistics and Chi-square statistical tests. The results showed that 41.3% of the population consumed a diet with low cariogenic potential, 58.7% consumed a diet with moderate cariogenic potential, and no cases of students consuming a diet with high cariogenic potential were found. No statistically significant relationship was found between variables such as age, gender, or occupation. Other factors related to the university life environment were considered in this result, and it is recommended that future research delve into these factors. The study concluded that the majority of students consume a diet with moderate cariogenic potential.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Atencio Chauca, Evelyn Karin; Cupé Araujo, Ana Cecilia
The objective of this study was to determine the inhibitory effect of Vaccinium corymbosum (Blueberry) at 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate against the presence of Streptococcus mutans in an in vitro study in Lima, 2015, at 24 and 48 hours. To this end, Streptococcus mutans strains were isolated from saliva collected from a patient and cultured on Petri dishes containing Blood Agar medium, with 6 mm diameter wells where approximately 100 µl of the 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% extracts, 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate, and distilled water were poured. The plates were incubated at 37°C, including two control plates to check the viability of the bacteria and the sterility of the medium. After incubation, the inhibition halos were measured with a Vernier caliper or ruler at 24 and 48 hours. For data analysis, ANOVA and Dunnett tests were used, showing that 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate had a significantly higher inhibitory effect than the 100% Vaccinium Corymbosum extract (P<0.05), and the 75% and 50% Vaccinium Corymbosum extracts (P<0.05). It was concluded that the inhibitory effect of 100% Vaccinium Corymbosum is lower than that of 75% Vaccinium Corymbosum and very similar to 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate in the bacterial culture of Streptococcus mutans at 24 and 72 hours.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Graciano Solis, Hilda Luz; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and experience of untreated carious lesions according to the pufa index in first and second-grade primary school students from the César Vallejo Educational Institution in the Yauya district, Ancash 2016. The sample was non-probabilistic, considering all first and second-grade primary school students from the César Vallejo Educational Institution in the Yauya district, Ancash, 2016, who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that 81.1% of the population exhibited consequences of untreated carious lesions, with 40% in males and 41.1% in females. The highest prevalence was observed at 8 years of age, with pulp exposure being the most frequent consequence of untreated carious lesions at 77.8%, followed by the presence of ulcers at 36.7%. The study concluded that there is a high frequency of untreated carious lesions according to the pufa index in first and second-grade primary school students from the César Vallejo Educational Institution in the Yauya district, Ancash, 2016.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Fonte, Nijumin; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the prevalence of dental fluorosis and exposure to systemic fluorides in schoolchildren aged 12-15 from the Carlos Gutiérrez Merino Educational Institution in Ancón, Lima-Peru, in 2014. This study was observational, prospective, cross-sectional, and analytical. The sample consisted of 135 secondary school students. A survey was administered to the parents to determine the systemic fluorides the students were exposed to, and the concentration of fluoride in the students' drinking water was also evaluated. The Dean Index was used to diagnose dental fluorosis. The results showed that 50.4% of the total sample had dental fluorosis, and the fluoride concentration ranged from 0.18 mg/L to 0.20 mg/L, values within the permissible limits. It was concluded that the systemic fluorides associated with dental fluorosis were the factors most frequently influencing the consumption of toothpaste, including the age of initiation of toothpaste use, supervision of brushing, toothpaste ingestion during brushing, and outside of brushing.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-04-04) Córdova Borda, Heydi Fanny; Mezzich Gálvez, Jorge Luis
The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of partial edentulism according to the Kennedy classification in patients aged 30 to 59 years at the “Imágenes Estomatológicas” EIRL center, Lima, 2017. The sample was obtained using the minimum sample size formula for finite populations, consisting of 150 panoramic radiographs of partial edentulous patients from the “Imágenes Estomatológicas” EIRL center. The evaluation was visual, and the findings were recorded in a data collection form that was created and validated by expert judgment. The results were processed using SPSS version 23 and Excel to generate frequency tables. The results showed that 32% of the population had a partial edentulism prevalence of Kennedy Class I, 26.7% had Class II, 39.3% had Class III, and 2% had Class IV. Additionally, in the upper jaw, 23.9% had Class I, 32.6% had Class II, 36.9% had Class III, and 6.6% had Class IV. In the lower jaw, 35.6% had Class I, 24% had Class II, 40.4% had Class III, and 0% had Class IV. Regarding gender, 30% of males had Class I, 24.3% had Class II, and 45.7% had Class III, while 33.75% of females had Class I, 28.75% had Class II, 33.75% had Class III, and 3.75% had Class IV. The prevalence of partial edentulism according to Kennedy Class I presented modification I at 47.9%, Class II modification III at 50%, and Class III modification I at 47.5%. It was concluded that the most frequent Kennedy classification was Class III, both in the upper and lower jaws, and it was also more frequent in both male and female patients.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-11-20) Cueva Torres, Luis Alexander; Pastor Arenas, Sandra Teresa
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between condylar morphology images obtained through CBCT and panoramic radiographs in patients from the Cirmax center. This was a cross-sectional relational study, and the sample consisted of 48 tomographies, each including its corresponding panoramic radiograph. The morphology of the right and left condyles was evaluated through CBCT images and panoramic radiographs. A data collection card was used to evaluate the mandibular condylar morphology, which was divided into two segments: evaluation through CBCT and evaluation of panoramic radiograph morphologies. Results: In CBCT, normal morphology was the most prevalent at 45.12%, while in panoramic radiographs, the most prevalent morphology was rounded, accounting for 50% of the total sample. In the images of the right and left condyles obtained from CBCT, normal morphology was the most prevalent at 52.1% and 45.8%, respectively; while in the panoramic radiograph images of the right and left condyles, the most prevalent morphology was rounded, with 52.1% and 47.9%, respectively. According to sex, in CBCT, normal morphology images had a higher prevalence in males at 47.2% and females at 45.5%; while in panoramic radiographs, 33.5% of males had a rounded morphology, much lower than the 58.5% in females. The Fisher's exact test was performed, obtaining p-values less than 0.05, verifying that there are statistically significant relationships between the condylar morphology images obtained through CBCT and those obtained through panoramic radiographs.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-05-09) Pecho Quito, Adrian Grégori; Garavito Chang, Enna Lucila
The purpose of this study was to determine the prosthetic needs of students aged 15 to 17 from I.E. 116 Abraham Valdelomar, located in the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima, in 2017. A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted, evaluating 159 students aged 15 to 17 from the fourth and fifth grades of secondary education. The chi-square test was used for result analysis. The findings showed that, out of 159 students examined, only 16.35% of those aged 15 to 17 required prosthetic treatment, while 83.65% did not. Prosthetic needs by age were 27.27% for 17-year-olds, 15.28% for 16-year-olds, and 13.85% for 15-year-olds (p > 0.05). By sex, 17.05% of females and 15.49% of males required prosthetic treatment (p > 0.05). The type of prosthetic need identified among students aged 15 to 17 was fixed prostheses in 100% of those requiring treatment. Regarding the location of the prosthetic need in the jaws, 50% required an upper fixed prosthesis, and the other 50% required a lower fixed prosthesis. No partial or total removable prostheses were needed (p ≤ 0.05). It was concluded that only 16.35% of students aged 15 to 17 required prosthetic treatment, and the type of prosthesis required was fixed prostheses in all cases.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-28) Ames Quincho, Gabriela Luz; Aguirre Morales, Anita Kori
The current study aims to determine the effectiveness of plaque control in individuals with orthodontic treatment attending the Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Orthopedics specialty at Norbert Wiener Private University, Lima, 2017. The instrument used was the Greene and Vermillion plaque index. The sample consisted of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances treated at the UPNW Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Orthopedics specialty between August and December 2017. A clinical examination was performed, along with an oral hygiene index using disclosing tablets to record plaque presence before and after a didactic workshop that included an oral hygiene technique. The data obtained were processed using the SPSS program, employing the Chi-square and Wilcoxon tests. The findings showed that before the workshop, 70.1% of the patients had a regular oral hygiene index (IHO) and 29.9% had a poor IHO. After the workshop, the IHO improved to 51.3% good, 46.7% regular, and 2% poor. Additionally, when evaluating the presence of plaque, it was found that before the workshop, the study population had a mean of 1.398 ± 0.403, which was reduced to 0.602 ± 0.412 after the workshop. The study concluded that the didactic workshop was effective in reducing plaque presence in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at the Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Orthopedics specialty at UPNW, 2017.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Quilca Pinedo, Noemi Amanda; Moreno Martínez, Gabriela Luz; Ayala Peralta, Félix Dasio
Objective: To determine the factors associated with sexual dysfunction during pregnancy in pregnant women attending the maternal and child health center in Santa Anita, from January to October 2016. Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study of 201 pregnant women was conducted using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Chi-square tests were employed for statistical analysis. Results: The average age of the pregnant women was 26.2 ± 4.3 years, with 94.5% falling within the 19-34 age range. The predominant sociodemographic characteristics were cohabiting women (64.2%) and those with a secondary education level (46.8%). Sexual dysfunction was found in 42.8% of the studied pregnant women. The associated factors that influenced sexual dysfunction were: gestational age (p<0.001), unplanned pregnancy (p<0.001), and urinary tract infection (p<0.001). Urinary tract infection was 5.7 times more prevalent in women with sexual dysfunction compared to those without it. Sexual dysfunction was 13.5 times more prevalent in the third trimester of pregnancy compared to those without sexual dysfunction. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was higher in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy; however, sexuality improved in the second trimester. Pregnant women who planned their pregnancies had higher ratings in the satisfaction domain, while those who did not plan had higher ratings in lubrication and satisfaction. The presence of a urinary tract infection significantly worsened sexual function, affecting all domains. Conclusions: The findings suggest that factors such as urinary tract infection and unplanned pregnancy influence sexual dysfunction during pregnancy, with higher prevalence during the first and third trimesters.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-09-21) Torres Bermejo, Hellen Katterin; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The following work is a research thesis on Occupational Risks, their effects on the work-life quality and health of the staff at the “Sonrisa Total” Dental Center of Clínica Internacional S.A. Lima, 2016. This thesis is motivated to increase awareness among dental staff regarding the occupational risks they are exposed to and their effects on work-life quality. The main objective is to determine the physical, chemical, biological, psychophysiological, and ergonomic risks, and their effects on Work-Life Quality (WLQ) and health for the staff working at the "Sonrisa Total" Dental Center of Clínica Internacional. The research was applied, descriptive, retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of all 53 workers at the “Sonrisa Total” Dental Center of Clínica Internacional. Validated instruments were used. The primary hypothesis was that physical, chemical, biological, psychophysiological, and ergonomic occupational risks have negative effects on the Work-Life Quality (WLQ) and health of the staff working at the “Sonrisa Total” Dental Center. Staff at the “Sonrisa Total” Dental Center of Clínica Internacional are exposed to occupational risks that can damage their health and have negative effects on the work-life quality of the dental center’s staff.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Bazán Sifuentes, Doila Stephanie; Quintana del Solar, Carmen Inocencia
Purpose: The study aimed to determine the DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) index, salivary flow volume, and salivary pH level in pregnant and non-pregnant adolescents at the Second Level Hospital Barranca - Cajatambo. Data Collection and Analysis: Data were recorded on a form and statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0. Statistical tests used included Chi-square (X2) and Spearman's correlation coefficient, with a significance level of 0.05. Conclusions: It was found that 63.10% of the pregnant adolescent group belonged to the late adolescence stage, with these results being statistically significant (p=0.000). The DMFT index for pregnant adolescents was high at 50.80%, with these results being statistically significant (p=0.00). It was observed that the salivary flow volume (ml/min) was high in the group of non-pregnant adolescents, with these results being statistically significant (p=0.00). Pregnant adolescents showed an acidic salivary pH level of 66.5%, with these results being statistically significant (p=0.00). Additionally, it was found that pregnant adolescents aged 17 to 19 years had a high DMFT index (5.95 ± SD 5.47), with these results being statistically significant (p=0.008 and 0.002). Finally, the relationship between DMFT and salivary flow volume and DMFT and salivary pH level showed statistically non-significant results (p>0.05).
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Ramirez Campos, Ruth Lixse; Quintana del Solar, Carmen Inocencia
This research aimed to determine the influence of the dental anxiety of the accompanying person on the behavior and anxiety of children aged 6 to 14 years during dental care, conducted at the University of Norbert Wiener’s Dental Clinic. The study involved children aged 6 to 14 who came with their companions for dental treatment. The anxiety of the companion was assessed using the Modified Corah Scale (MDAS) in its Spanish version, the child’s behavior was evaluated using the Frankl Behavior Scale, and the child’s anxiety was measured using the Facial Image Scale (FIS). The sample consisted of 100 children and their companions. The study was descriptive and correlational. The results show that the child’s behavior was significantly associated with the anxiety level of the accompanying person. However, the child’s anxiety levels during dental care were not associated with the anxiety levels of the accompanying person. Overall, the companions presented a mild to moderate level of anxiety, with male companions showing moderate anxiety (77.8%), while female companions showed 39%. The behavior of the children was positive to definitely positive, and their anxiety level was mild to moderate. The research concludes that the child’s behavior is associated with the dental anxiety of the accompanying person. However, when correlating the child’s anxiety with the dental anxiety of the accompanying person, it was determined that they are not associated factors. The dental anxiety of the companion influences the child’s behavior but does not affect the child’s anxiety during dental care.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2013) Carhuas Huaranga, Zenaida Paula; Dalby Morla, Maria Paola Felicita
The purpose of this research was to analyze the study models of students aged 12 to 16 years at the Huaycán Mixed School to compare the predictive accuracy of the Moyers and Tanaka Johnston analyses. The study was prospective and analytical, with an applied level. The sample consisted of study models from 50 students who met certain inclusion criteria. Data processing was performed using the Wilcoxon test for related samples, with a 95% confidence level. The results showed a significant difference with the Moyers probability at 75% and 85%, in both genders and both maxillae. The difference was not significant for the male gender, with 95% in both arches. Regarding the Tanaka Johnston probability at 75%, a significant difference was found in both genders and maxillae, compared to the 85%, where there was no significant difference for the female gender, but a significant difference for the male gender, in both maxillae. In conclusion, the results suggested that the Moyers probability at 95% should be applied to the upper and lower maxillae for males, and the Tanaka Johnston equation at 85% for the upper and lower maxillae for females, since there are no statistically significant differences.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Canto Lara, Celina Sandra; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The teaching of mechanical plaque control is of utmost importance, as its goal is to prevent periodontal diseases and create a positive attitude in the patient, inform, and motivate them. The objective of this observational, descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional, and relational-level research was to assess the effectiveness of the modified Bass and modified Stillman brushing techniques for bacterial plaque control in secondary school students. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 97 children aged 10 to 15 years. A plaque disclosure substance was used, and oral hygiene was evaluated using the O'Leary Index before and after the educational talks. The dental surfaces were then assessed, considering two groups: one for instruction in the modified Stillman brushing technique. It was concluded that before brushing, the group using the modified Bass technique had an average of 67.8%, while the Stillman group had 86.0%. After brushing, both techniques proved effective, with the modified Bass technique showing 22.8% improvement and the Stillman technique showing 24.6%.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Rojas España, Elder Smith; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the level of oral health knowledge among the parents of school children who attend the pediatric dentistry department of the Central Military Hospital "Coronel Luis Arias Schreiber" in Lima, Peru, in 2017. The sample was obtained using the minimum sample size method for a finite population, consisting of 200 parents who brought their children to the pediatric dentistry service at the Central Military Hospital. A questionnaire on oral health knowledge was administered to them. The results showed that 39% of the population had a good level of knowledge. It was clarified that 42.5% of fathers had a regular level of knowledge, while 45.7% of mothers had a good level of knowledge about oral health. On the other hand, 20.5% of fathers with a regular level of knowledge had a secondary education level, while 33.9% of mothers with a good level of knowledge about oral health had technical or higher education. In conclusion, the parents of school children who attend the pediatric dentistry department of the Central Military Hospital "Coronel Luis Arias Schreiber" have a good level of knowledge about oral health.

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