Soledad e intereses vocacionales en estudiantes de 4to y 5to de secundaria de una institución educativa nacional de Lima Metropolitana, 2024

Abstract

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre soledad e intereses vocacionales en estudiantes de 4to y 5to año de secundaria de una institución educativa pública de Lima Metropolitana en el año 2024. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental, transversal, de tipo básico y nivel descriptivo correlacional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 160 estudiantes, evaluados mediante la Escala de Soledad UCLA (RULS-6) y el Inventario de Intereses Vocacionales Talento 4-5 (versión abreviada). Los resultados mostraron que el 56% presentó niveles medios de soledad, y solo el 3%, niveles altos. No se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre la soledad y ninguna de las dimensiones del inventario, ya que todos los valores de significancia superaron el nivel crítico de α = .050. En particular, se halló una correlación nula entre soledad e intereses realistas (r = .01, p = .861). También se observaron correlaciones irrelevantes con los intereses de investigación (r = .05, p = .518) y emprendedores (r = –.09, p = .124), lo que sugiere independencia entre estas variables. Asimismo, se identificaron correlaciones levemente negativas con intereses artísticos (r = –.14, p = .087), sociales (r = –.12, p = .124) y convencionales (r = –.13, p = .101). En conclusión, los resultados indican que no existe una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la soledad y los intereses vocacionales en los estudiantes evaluados.

The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between loneliness and vocational interests in 4th and 5th grade high school students from a public educational institution in Lima Metropolitana, 2024. A quantitative approach was used, with a non-experimental, cross sectional design, of a basic type and descriptive-correlational level. The sample consisted of 160 students, who were assessed using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (RULS-6) and the Talento 4-5 Vocational Interest Inventory (short version). Results showed that most participants reported moderate levels of loneliness (56%), while only a small percentage (3%) experienced high levels. No statistically significant correlations were found between loneliness and any of the vocational interest dimensions, as all p-values exceeded the critical level of α = .050. In particular, a near zero correlation was found between loneliness and realistic interests (r = .01, p = .861), indicating no association. Likewise, irrelevant correlations were found with investigative (r = .05, p = .518) and enterprising interests (r = –.09, p = .124), suggesting that motivation in these areas may operate independently of perceived loneliness. Meanwhile, slightly negative but non-significant correlations were observed with artistic (r = –.14, p = .087), social (r = –.12, p = .124), and conventional interests (r = –.13, p = .101). In conclusion, the findings suggest that there is no statistically significant association between loneliness and vocational interests among the students evaluated.