The risk factors for preeclampsia and maternal and perinatal complications in a pregnant woman attended at the María Auxiliadora Hospital during the month of January 2023

Abstract

Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative research study; observational, descriptive, retrospective, involving a clinical case review of the management of a pregnant woman with preeclampsia treated at a level III hospital during January 2023. The study included personal, family, obstetric, pathological history, diagnosis, physical examination, auxiliary exams, obstetric management, and evolution until discharge. Results: The case involves a 28-week gestation third-time pregnant woman, with obesity, prematurity, early intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and mild preeclampsia without signs of severity, which evolved into severe preeclampsia during the preoperative period. She was discharged on the sixth day after cesarean section, with hepatic revision due to preeclampsia with signs of severity and resolved HELLP syndrome. Conclusion: The risk factors for developing preeclampsia were identified as advanced maternal age (sociodemographic factor), late and insufficient prenatal care (obstetric factor), and starting the pregnancy with overweight and obesity (pathological and clinical history). Preeclampsia with severe criteria has a rapid progression and can lead to maternal and perinatal complications, with pregnancy termination being the most effective management approach, carrying the risk of prematurity for the newborn.

El presente trabajo académico trata sobre el manejo de la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino en el INMP en una paciente de 18 años referida de su centro materno por los Diagnósticos: Primigesta de 36 2/7 semanas por ultima regla, Amenaza de Parto Pre terminó y Restricción de Crecimiento Intrauterino, el manejo se dio según las guías del INMP culminando en un parto eutócico sin complicaciones.