Sociodemographic Characteristics of the Mother and Nutritional Status of Children Aged 3 to 5 Years at the Fermín Ávila Kindergarten Educational Institution in Mi Perú, Lima 2019
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The objective of this study was to understand the sociodemographic characteristics of mothers and the nutritional status of children aged 3 to 5 years at the Fermin Avila Kindergarten Educational Institution in Mi Peru, Lima, 2019. The study design was observational, descriptive, and quantitative in nature. Data collection was conducted using a clinical record for the mothers (sociodemographic factors), and the Body Mass Index (BMI) for the children aged 3, 4, and 5 years was also recorded in the same form. The results were as follows: for children aged 3 to 4 years, according to the height-for-age index, 1.4% had low height, 84.5% had normal height, and 14.1% had high height. According to the weight-for-age index, 88.7% had normal weight, while 11.3% were overweight. According to the weight-for-height index, 88.7% had normal weight, and 11.3% were overweight. For 5-year-old children, 58.3% had normal weight, 30.6% were overweight, and 11.1% were obese. For the mothers, sociodemographic characteristics were considered. According to marital status, 55.6% were cohabiting; according to the number of children, 50% had 2 children; according to monthly family income, 25.9% had an income of 301 to 500 soles; according to housing, 31.5% lived in an incomplete own home; according to access to electricity, 100% had access; according to access to potable water, 82.4% had access to tap water; according to insurance type, 50.9% had SIS (Social Health Insurance); and according to education level, 63% had completed secondary education. It is concluded that there are no cases of malnutrition among children aged 3 to 5 years. The majority have a good nutritional status, but a significant group presents with overweight and obesity. According to the sociodemographic characteristics of the mothers, most have a minimum adequate quality of life.
Resumen
Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer las características sociodemográficas de la madre y el estado nutricional de los niños de 3 a 5 años de la Institución Educativa Jardín Fermín Ávila en Mi Perú, Lima 2019. El diseño del estudio corresponde a una investigación observacional , descriptivo y de nivel cuantitativo; la recolección de datos se realizó mediante una ficha clínica para las madres (factores sociodemográficos) y en esa misma ficha se llenó el Índice de masa corporal para los niños de 3, 4 y 5 años. Se obtuvo como resultados: en los niños de 3 a 4 años los resultados fueron según el índice de talla para edad el 1.4% tuvo una talla baja, el 84.5% tuvo una talla normal y el 14.1% tuvo una talla alta, según el índice de peso para edad el 88.7% presento un peso normal pero el 11.3% presentó sobrepeso, según el Índice de peso para talla el 88.7% tuvo un peso normal y el 11.3% tuvo sobrepeso; en los niños de 5 años el 58.3% presento un peso normal, el 30.6% presento un sobrepeso y el 11.1% presento obesidad. De acuerdo .....a las características sociodemográficas de las madres la mayoría tiene una calidad de vida mínima adecuada.