Examinando por Autor "Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando"

Mostrando 1 - 13 de 13

Acceso abierto
Consentimiento de medicamentos genéricos en usuarios que asisten a la botica Farmaclas del distrito de Villa El Salvador agosto–diciembre 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-04-18) Toribio Sánchez, Diana; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
In the present research work, the general objective was to determine the level of acceptance of generic medicines among users attending the Farmaclas pharmacy in the Villa El Salvador district from August to December 2022. The research methodology had a quantitative approach, was basic in type, descriptive in level, with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 1,600 users who attended the Farmaclas pharmacy located in the Villa El Salvador district. A probabilistic sample was taken, applying a statistical formula, resulting in 310 users. These users were evaluated using a research instrument validated through a panel of three subject-matter experts and reliability confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, with a pilot test conducted prior to data collection (α = 0.868). After data tabulation, the level of acceptance of generic medicines among users attending the Farmaclas pharmacy in the Villa El Salvador district from August to December 2022 was found to be medium (84.8%).
Acceso abierto
Determinación cuantitativa de la concentración de mercurio y arsénico en pejerrey (Odontesthes regia) comercializado en el Terminal Pesquero de Ancón durante el periodo setiembre–octubre 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-05-27) Vega Silvestre, Diana Marlene; Leon Delgado, Verni Anavella; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
Currently, evaluating metal levels in fish is a topic of national and global public health interest. Since a large number of metals contaminate rivers, lakes, and seas, it is important to determine if these products comply with the maximum permissible limits for mercury and arsenic established by the National Fisheries Health Service (SANIPES) of Peru, and thus evaluate if there is a risk to the consuming population. Methods: To determine mercury, a mercury hollow-cathode lamp was used at a wavelength of 253.70 nm via a graphite furnace. For arsenic determination, an arsenic hollow-cathode lamp was used at a wavelength of 193.70 nm via a hydride generator. Result: No values were found to exceed the maximum permissible limits for mercury and arsenic. Conclusion: The pejerrey (Odontesthes regia) sold at the Ancón fishing terminal is suitable for optimal human consumption.
Acceso abierto
Determinación cuantitativa de plomo y cadmio en diez tipos de yuca (Manihot esculenta) comercializados en el mercado del distrito de San Martin de Pangoa, de la ciudad de Satipo, departamento de Junín, de enero–marzo 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) De la O Valenzuela, Zenaida Olinda; Quispe Aguirre, Jannet; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
This research aimed to quantitatively determine, using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, the concentration levels of lead and cadmium in ten types of cassava (Manihot esculenta) sold at the “San Martin de Pangoa District Market” in the city of Satipo, Junín department, from January to March 2017. The lead levels found had an average of 0.13 ppm, with a minimum value of 0.01 ppm and a maximum value of 0.24 ppm. The cadmium levels found had an average of 0.05 ppm, with a minimum value of 0.01 ppm and a maximum value of 0.09 ppm. The results of the present study indicate that, for the ten types of cassava (Manihot esculenta), 90% exceeded the permissible limit for lead established by the Codex Alimentarius, while 10% did not exceed this limit. Regarding cadmium, 100% of the samples did not exceed the permissible limit set by the Codex Alimentarius. These findings allow us to conclude that the presence of lead in cassava (Manihot esculenta) could have implications for consumer health.
Acceso abierto
Equivalencia farmacéutica de medicamentos multifuentes de carbamazepina disponibles en Cercado de Lima marzo–abril 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-03) Barrientos Ríos, Erasmo; Gutierrez De Los Santos, Isaac; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
The objective of this research was to determine the pharmaceutical equivalence of three multi-source carbamazepine 200 mg tablets versus the reference drug Tegretol 200 mg tablets (Novartis, Switzerland). Methodology: The multi-source and reference medications were acquired from pharmacies in Lima. Disintegration, friability, hardness, weight, and content assay tests were performed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results were analyzed to establish statistically significant differences. Results: The comparative analysis of the products showed the following: the multi-source medications had an average weight of ($\mathbf{0.32 \pm 7.5 \%}$g). In the hardness test, they reported an acceptable value between ($\mathbf{2 – 2.5 \text{ kg/F}}$). Disintegration showed a time of less than 30 minutes. Friability was less than 1.5%. The active principle assay by HPLC ranged between 92.0% and 108.0%. It is noteworthy that all products comply with the official specifications for identification and assay of the active ingredient, hardness, and disintegration time. Conclusion: The multi-source carbamazepine 200 mg tablets evaluated and sold in Cercado de Lima are pharmaceutically equivalent when compared to the innovator drug (Tegretol).
Acceso abierto
Equivalencia farmacéutica de medicamentos multifuentes de sildenafilo de 50 mg que se dispensan en el distrito de San Juan de Miraflores – San Juan zona D en los meses de noviembre y diciembre 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-09-06) Huatuco Amez, Olivia Patrich; Guillén Sulca, Walter Roberto; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
When performing the pharmaceutical equivalence of 50 mg sildenafil multi-source medicines dispensed in the district of San Juan de Miraflores during the months of November and December 2017, the objective was to evaluate in vitro the multi-source sildenafil medicines. This drug was chosen because, in recent years in Lima—particularly in the district of San Juan de Miraflores, according to pharmaceutical staff reports—it has been sold with great freedom, and since it is dispensed under different brands, it was necessary to determine whether equivalence existed in relation to the innovator. The methodology used included the corresponding parameters established by the United States Pharmacopeia for solid pharmaceutical forms, evaluating the external aspects and the physical parameters of the tablets, such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, and friability. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that these pharmaceutical forms are similar with respect to these parameters, meeting the official specifications. The values obtained fall within the accepted averages for oral formulations of 50 mg sildenafil.
Acceso abierto
Estudio sobre las características de la prescripción, disponibilidad y expendio de antibacterianos en el centro de salud Ayabaca durante el periodo de enero- junio del 2016
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Mallma Mamani, Elizabeth Milagros; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
The correct use of medications has become one of the most debated and interesting topics in the health field in recent years, constituting a relevant aspect of public health. The misuse of medications has far-reaching repercussions for individuals and society, with consequences for both health and the economy. Due to its complexity, it requires the implementation of strategies that transcend the healthcare sector and involve many other sectors, such as education, the economy, industry, commerce, the community, and social communication.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación del perfil de seguridad de irritación dérmica in vitro mediante el método HET-CAM. y actividad cicatrizante de formulaciones magistrales elaboradas con el extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de chupasangre (Oenothera rosea Ait.)
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-11-09) Suárez Becerra, Ronal Elgar; Manyari Pérez, Lizeth Judith; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
The objective of this study was to evaluate the dermal irritation safety profile in vitro using the HET-CAM method and the wound-healing activity of magistral formulations prepared with the hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of Oenothera rosea Ait. ('Chupa Sangre'). This was done through an experimental prospective method, developed in the laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry at Wiener University. Method: The HET-CAM method was employed to evaluate irritant activity, and incised wounds on albino rats were used to determine wound-healing activity. The presence of secondary metabolites was determined in the plant species. Gels at concentrations of 1% and 0.5% were prepared, demonstrating that they are mild irritants (I.I. 2.66 and 4.38). For the wound-healing activity, four working groups, each consisting of 8 rats, were formed. The results demonstrated that the 0.5% and 1% concentrations presented good wound-healing performance; however, the positive control achieved better healing. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of Oenothera rosea Ait., 'Chupa Sangre,' presents a good safety profile and wound-healing activity.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación del seguimiento farmacoterapéutico en pacientes hospitalizados en el pabellón de medicina del Hospital Sergio E. Bernales en el distrito de Comas – Lima. Agosto–octubre 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-01-30) Toribio Chavez, Enrique; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
This research, titled "Evaluation of pharmacotherapeutic follow-up in hospitalized patients in the medicine ward of the Sergio E. Bernales Hospital in the District of Comas – Lima. August – October 2018," aimed to evaluate the level of compliance with pharmacotherapeutic follow-up in patients hospitalized in the medicine ward of the Sergio E. Bernales Hospital. The methodology was descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, and non-experimental. Sociodemographic data indicated that 57.33% (43) of the patients were female and 42.67% (32) were male, all between 18 and 67 years of age. The predominant age group was 31 to 50 years (64.0%), followed by 18 to 30 years (20.0%), and 51 years and older (16.0%). Results showed that the most prevalent diseases in the evaluated clinical records were respiratory diseases at 32.0% (24 cases), followed by renal diseases at 22.67% (17 cases), cardiac diseases at 20.0% (15 cases), gastrointestinal diseases at 14.67% (11 cases), and other diseases at 10.67% (8 cases). COPD and pneumonia were the most frequent respiratory problems. The conclusions identified several Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) in the clinical records: DRP1 at 14.67% (11 cases), DRP2 at 8% (6 cases), DRP3 at 5.33% (4 cases), DRP4 at 5.33% (4 cases), DRP5 at 1.33% (1 case), and DRP6 at 4% (3 cases). The predominant pharmacological groups in the clinical records were antibacterials at 32.73% (18 drugs), followed by other drugs at 21.82% (12 drugs). Analgesics and anti-inflammatories accounted for 15.55% (8 drugs). Both anti-ulcer agents and antihypertensives represented 7.27% (4 drugs) each, and bronchodilators were at 5.44% (3 drugs). Antidiabetics, diuretics, and corticosteroids each accounted for 3.64% (2 drugs).
Acceso abierto
Factores de riesgo con relación a síntomas por reflujo gastroesofágico en adultos que acuden a botica Camposol distrito Lurigancho Chosica 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-13) Amasifuen Amasifuen, Kiter; Anchelia Alejandro, Karina Mery; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
To determine the relationship between risk factors and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux in adults attending Botica Camposol, Lurigancho Chosica district, 2023. The study followed a hypothetical-deductive method, basic research, quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional cut, and correlational scope. The sample consisted of 183 adults, selected through simple random probabilistic sampling. Data were collected through a survey and questionnaire, and the hypothesis was tested using Spearman’s Rho correlation. Results: Of the 183 respondents, 59% were female, and 49.2% were between 30–40 years old. Regarding risk factors, 65% almost always consumed carbonated beverages, and between 35.5% and 42.1% sometimes consumed fatty foods, spicy foods, citrus juices, coffee, and chocolate. The use of NSAIDs and tricyclic antidepressants was 33.9% and 36.6%, respectively. Additionally, 38.8% had smoking habits, and 19.1% consumed alcohol. Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux: 78.7% reported heartburn, pain, and burning in the middle of the chest; 65% regurgitation of food or gastric acid; 53.6% nausea; 36.1% chest pain or chronic cough; 36.6% loss of appetite; 47.5% pain when swallowing; 25.1% vomiting with traces of blood; 56.8% unexplained weight loss. Regarding treatment, 49.7% used omeprazole, 35% ranitidine, and 44.3% antacids or sucralfate. The p-value was 0.000 and Rho was 0.582, indicating a moderate positive correlation.
Acceso abierto
Prescripción médica y el consumo de antibióticos en usuarios de la botica Farmaclas distrito Villa el Salvador, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-12-14) Gonzales Gamarra, Helaman Dannfert; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
The present project aims to determine the relationship between medical prescription and antibiotic consumption among users of the Farmaclas pharmacy in Villa El Salvador district, 2022. This is a quantitative study with a hypothetical/deductive method, classified as basic research of a descriptive-correlational level and a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The study was applied to a population of 95 users of the Farmaclas pharmacy in Villa El Salvador district, 2022, through two questionnaires, which demonstrated reliability of 0.863 for medical prescription and 0.884 for antibiotic consumption. Results: It was found that medical prescription was deficient in 14.7% of cases, regular in 50.5%, and optimal in 34.7%. Similarly, antibiotic consumption was inadequate in 46.3% of cases and adequate in 53.7%. Conclusion: It was determined that medical prescription and antibiotic consumption among users of the Farmaclas pharmacy in Villa El Salvador district, 2022, are directly related, with a correlation coefficient of 0.722, considered moderate and significant at 0.000.
Acceso abierto
Relación del conocimiento y actitud con el cumplimiento de las buenas prácticas de dispensación frente a la anticoncepción oral de emergencia en químicos farmacéuticos que laboran en la cadena de boticas Mifarma del distrito de Santiago de Surco – Perú, junio 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-11-28) Caysahuana Melendez, Eliana Jenny; Loayza Huamán, Ada Eli; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
This study aimed to determine if knowledge and attitude are related to compliance with Good Dispensing Practices for Emergency Oral Contraception (EOC) among pharmaceutical chemists working at the Mifarma pharmacy chain in the district of Santiago de Surco, Peru, in June 2018. Methodology: The investigation was quantitative and non-experimental, with a descriptive-cross-sectional design. Sample: 31 pharmaceutical chemists. Instrument: A 40-question questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, knowledge of Emergency Oral Contraception, attitudes toward EOC, and compliance with Good Dispensing Practices. Results: Of the 31 pharmaceutical chemists, 61% (19) obtained a medium level of knowledge about EOC. As for attitudes, 61% (19) of those surveyed showed an attitude of acceptance. Regarding the level of compliance with Good Dispensing Practices, 58% (18) obtained a medium level of compliance. Conclusions: The study found that knowledge and attitude are not related to compliance with Good Dispensing Practices for Emergency Oral Contraception. Furthermore, knowledge and attitude themselves do not show any correlation. The predominant attitude among the chemists was 61% acceptance, and a medium level of compliance was the most common finding in the results obtained.
Acceso abierto
Relación del uso de medicamentos antiulcerosos y procinéticos con síntomas dispépticos en población adulta de una botica de Lurín, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-10-28) Laura Arroyo, Norma Lourdes; Larico Sucaticona, Katia Soledad; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
The objective was to determine the relationship between the use of antiulcer and prokinetic medications and dyspeptic symptoms in the adult population. Method. The study was nonexperimental, cross-sectional, quantitative approach, correlational descriptive level, basic type, hypothetical deductive method, sample was 196 adults, intentional sampling, a questionnaire was used for data collection, using Spearman's Rho the hypothesis was tested. Results. It was observed that adults with dyspeptic symptoms were 60% female, 55% aged 40-50 years; use of antiulcer and prokinetic medications, 40.8% consumed ranitidine, 31.1% omeprazole, 25.5% esomeprazole, 20.9% pantoprazole. 29.6% aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, 15.8% sucralfate, 20.4% magaldrate, 40.3% bismuth, 55.6% metoclopramide, 41.8% domperidone; 54.1% relieved dyspeptic symptoms; occasionally 40.3% caused dizziness and/or sleep. In dyspeptic symptoms, 31.1% postprandial fullness was observed; 70.4% meteorism, 51% early satiety; 64.8% epigastric pain, 20.9% nausea, 20.4% vomiting, 64.8% belching, 36.2% epigastric burning; 49% burning or burning in the stomach, 65.3% acid regurgitation, 40.8% cruet; 24.5% skipped breakfast, 14.3% lunch, 26% dinner; 29.1% consumed alcoholic beverages, coffee, tobacco, and soft drinks. 33.7% consumed foods rich in condiments and fat. The p-value was 0.000 (p<0.05) and the correlation was 0.537 indicating moderate positive correlation. Conclusion. There is a moderate positive relationship between the use of antiulcer and prokinetic medications with dyspeptic symptoms in the adult population of a pharmacy in Lurín, Lima.
Acceso abierto
Relación entre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del uso de anticonceptivos de emergencia en mujeres en edad fértil en botica “Mi Doctor” en Los Olivos, enero–abril 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-27) Escudero Jimeno, Cesar Alberto; Lauro Morales, Yessenia; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
Objective: To contrast the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the use of emergency contraceptives among women of childbearing age who attend the pharmacy “Mi Doctor” in Los Olivos, from January to April 2018. Methodology: This study was observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional. The population consisted of women who attended the pharmacy “Mi Doctor,” Los Olivos, from January to April 2018. The sample was probabilistic (201 women). A survey of 29 closed-ended questions was conducted, and data were analyzed with Excel 2016 and SPSS 22. The variables were correlated using Spearman’s rho. Results: The average age was 30 years, with a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 45. Of the participants, 70.1% had higher education and 29.9% secondary education. Knowledge of emergency contraceptives was 4.8 low, practices were inadequate, and positive attitudes were reported in 86.1% (173). There was a low positive correlation between knowledge and practices, a low negative correlation between knowledge and attitudes, and no relationship between practices and attitudes. Conclusions: It was concluded that there is a low positive correlation between knowledge and practices, a low negative correlation between knowledge and attitudes, and no relationship between attitudes and practices regarding the use of emergency contraceptives. Recommendation: Analytical studies with larger populations are recommended.