Examinando por Materia "Thoracic Surgery"

Mostrando 1 - 14 de 14

Acceso abierto
Effect of a cardiorespiratory exercise program on exercise tolerance in patients post-cardiac surgery at the National Cardiovascular Institute – 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-15) Acosta Ruiz, Anita de Jesús; Cautín Martinez, Noemi Esther
Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders affecting the heart and occur due to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, making it a public health issue. Among the various treatment options, cardiovascular surgery is an invasive procedure aimed at improving the patient's quality of life. Early cardiac rehabilitation in the ICU seeks to reduce complications related to surgical treatment and plays an important role in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, providing greater functionality and independence, and enhancing patient autonomy.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of a preoperative education program to reduce anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-11-03) Bringas Sánchez, Rita Regina; Matta Solis, Eduardo Percy
Materials and Methods: A systematic review based on evidence was conducted, identifying relevant studies to answer specific clinical practice questions, using databases like Scielo, Dialnet, Index, Pubmed, and the Virtual Health Library. Results: Among the 10 selected articles, 30% (n=3) were conducted in China, 20% (n=2) in Spain, 10% (n=1) in Brazil, 10% (n=1) in Greece, 10% (n=1) in India, 10% (n=1) in the UK, and 10% (n=1) in Turkey. The majority were randomized clinical trials (80%, n=8), and systematic reviews and meta-analyses (20%, n=2). All 10 studies concluded that preoperative education programs reduce anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of crystalloid cardioplegia in myocardial protection in cardiac surgery patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-11-24) Cabrera Mercado, Cesilia Isabel; Ruíz Tavera, Ivett; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa María
Objective: Systematize evidence from studies on the effectiveness of crystalloid cardioplegia in myocardial protection in cardiosurgical patients. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic review of articles with full text, subjected to critical reading, using the GRADE evaluation. Of the 10 articles reviewed and analyzed, 50% (n=5/10) are meta-analysis, 10% (n=1/10) are systematic reviews, and 20% (n=2/10) are prospective randomized studies. , 10% (n=1/10) a retrospective case control and 10% (n=1/10) a retrospective cohort study. Results: It was found that 90% indicate that crystalloid myocardial protection is effective, especially in complex surgeries, minimally invasive surgeries, reducing operating time, providing benefit to the patient. There are no significant differences with the use of blood cardioplegia. 10% point out that it is not effective as it offers less protection to the right ventricle. Conclusions: 9 of 10 articles found point out the effectiveness of crystalloid cardioplegia in myocardial protection in cardiosurgical patients, 1 of 10 articles found point out that crystalloid cardioplegia is not effective in myocardial protection in cardiosurgical patients, where they show less protection to the right ventricle.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of modified ultrafiltration in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-03-25) Salazar Salazar, Elizabeth Edith; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objectives: To analyze the evidence of the effectiveness of modified ultrafiltration in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Materials and Methods: Systematic reviews are an observational and retrospective research design, which synthesizes the results of multiple primary investigations. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice. Results: The systematic review of scientific articles on modified ultrafiltration were found in the following database Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo, Medline and Cochrane Plus, 06 articles were located, all of them correspond to the type and design of studies of 01 systematic review and 05 randomized clinical trials. Conclusions: The articles reviewed show the effective and safe use of modified ultrafiltration, which is a safe procedure that is associated with an increase in hematocrit levels after surgery, a reduction in operative bleeding and a decrease in blood transfusion in the adult population undergoing cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Likewise, the use of modified ultrafiltration provides advantages in improving hemodynamic function, pulmonary function, the coagulation system and other organs in children undergoing cardiac surgery after separation from extracorporeal circulation.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of tranexamic acid use in cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation to reduce blood transfusion needs
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-11-24) Vidal Alvarez, Sonia; Contreras Bustos, Mirtha; Glenni Garay, Zarely Zabeli
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of the use of tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation to reduce the need for blood transfusions. Materials and methods: systematic review that synthesizes the results of multiple investigations, identifying the most relevant. The PICO method was used to structure the research question, the CASPE templates were applied to the articles for validation and relevance, and a summary table of quality of evidence and strength of recommendation was prepared by applying the GRADE templates. Results: in the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, finding that 60% correspond to Europe (Spain, Belgium, France and Germany), 20% America (Canada and Cuba), 10% Asia (India) and 10% Africa ( Ethiopia). Most of them are experimental studies (60%), systematic reviews (20%) and cohorts (20%). 80% of reviews had high and 20% moderate quality of evidence, 100% had strong recommendation strength. 80% were performed on adult patients and 20% on pediatric patients. 100% concluded that the use of tranexamic acid reduces blood loss. Conclusion: From the reviewed articles it is evident that the use of tranexamic acid is effective in reducing blood loss, which contributes to the reduction of blood transfusions.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of early extubation vs. conventional intubation in reducing the hospital stay of older adults undergoing cardiac surgery
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Cruzado Garay, Liliana Margot; Espinoza Ramirez, Rosa Guadalupe; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objective: To establish the effectiveness of early extubation vs. conventional extubation in reducing the hospital stay of older adults undergoing cardiac surgery. Materials and Methods: The systematic bibliographic review is Observational and retrospective in Spanish, with a history of no more than 5 years, the search has been restricted to full-text articles and which have been selected through critical reading. Results: In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, 10% being Chile and 90% of other Latin American countries, no attempt was made to calculate the sample sizes required to determine if the mortality rates and major morbidities after cardiac surgery They change depending on the moment chosen to perform the extubation. 30% are Quasi-experimental studies, another 30% are Random Studies applying conventional extubation with early extubation and prospective studies of the study criteria considering risk factors and patient age in search of evaluating the morbidity and mortality of the patients. patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Conclusions: It was evident in scientific research and systematic reviews of the different types of randomized, quasi-randomized and prospective studies that consider Early Extubation effective in cardiac surgery patients, which reduces the risk of infection and the hospital stay of the post-surgery patient. cardiac surgery, therefore, reduces institutional costs. In addition, the nurse plays important roles in standardizing the care of the intubated patient through timely care in the patency of secretions, position of the patient, well-being and maintenance of the physical and mental comfort of the patient undergoing cardiac surgery.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of music therapy in reducing anxiety in post cardiac surgery patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-01) Figueroa Auccapfuro, Ruben; Galvez Gallegos, Melissa; Matta Solis, Hernan Hugo
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of using music therapy as a complementary therapy to reduce anxiety in post-cardiac surgery patients. Material and Methods: In carrying out the systematic review, international research articles were obtained through a database search: Epistemonikos, PubMed, Scielo, The Cochrane Library and Google Scholars, which were chosen and analyzed in the Grade system and we locate the level of evidence. The articles were searched using the DECS and MESH descriptors to perform the search in English and Spanish. Results: Of all scientific evidence, 40% (4/10) of the articles belong to the USA, 10% (1/10) correspond to Brazil, 10% (1/10) correspond to Taiwan, 10% (1/10 ) correspond to the United Kingdom, 10% (1/10) correspond to Sweden, 10% (1/10) correspond to Germany and 10% (1/10) correspond to Turkey. Conclusions: It is established that the 10 out of 10 evidence analyzed conclude that music therapy helps reduce anxiety in post-cardiac surgery patients.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of preoperative inspiratory muscle training to prevent pulmonary complications in post-cardiac surgery patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Cardenas Aguilar, Evelyn Maybee; Romero Cabrera, Ketty Giovanna; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objectives: Determine the effectiveness of preoperative inspiratory muscle training to prevent pulmonary complications in post-cardiac surgery patients. Materials and Methods: Systematic Reviews are an observational and retrospective research design, which synthesizes the results of multiple primary investigations. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice. Results: Of the total of five articles and three systematic reviews analyzed, 100% affirm that preoperative inspiratory muscle training helps prevent pulmonary complications. These articles were found in the following databases Pubmed, Medline, Elservier, Scielo, Cochrane and Lilacs. Conclusions: Inspiratory muscle training to prevent pulmonary complications in post-cardiac surgery patients is effective.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of strict glycemic control in reducing complications in cardiac surgery patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-10-15) Altuna Urquiaga, Mercedes Violeta; Vera Pérez, Dany Araceli; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Goal: To systematize the evidences of the efficacy of tight glycemic control on the decrease of the complications of the cardiac surgery-operated patient. Materials and Methods: Quantitative type systematic observational and retrospective review which includes 10 full-text scientific articles which describe the result of the application of tight glycemic control on the decrease of the complications of the cardiac surgery-operated patient. The selected articles were subjected to critical reading, using the Grade assessment to identify their degree of evidence. Results: 50% of the encountered studies correspond to systematic reviews, 20% to meta-analysis, 30% to randomized controlled essays, which means that 100% of the evidences are high-quality. 90% of the evidences proves that tight glycemic control considerably decreased the complications of the cardiac surgery-operated patient, while 10% of the reviews show that a tight glycemic control does not alter significantly the presence of complications in comparison with standard control. Conclusions: 9 out of 10 pieces of evidence proves that tight glycemic control decreases significantly the complications of the cardiac surgery-operated patient.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of the use of adhesives with chlorhexidine for central venous catheters, in the prevention of bacteremia in patients in intensive care units
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Caballero Malaver, Mónica Elena; Samanamú Mauricio, Gabriela Cecilia; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objective: Determine the effectiveness of the use of chlorhexidine dressings for central venous catheters, for the prevention of bacteremia in patients in intensive care units. Materials and methods: Systematic Review, observational and retrospective research design, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading according to the degree of evidence that synthesizes the results of 01 Meta-analysis and 03 scientific articles that demonstrate the powerful bactericidal activity of the use of dressings with Chlorhexidine for central venous catheters as a preventive measure against bloodstream infections. Results: 1 meta-analysis and 3 articles were chosen in which we found that 50% (02) correspond to the United States with 25% (01), we find France and Israel with 25% (01) respectively. Of the total number of articles analyzed, 100% affirm the effectiveness of the use of dressings with chlorhexidine for CVC in the prevention of bacteremia and infections. The meta-analysis included 9 primary studies that showed a significant reduction in the incidence of infections due to colonization of the central venous catheter as well as bloodstream infection. A randomized trial demonstrated that the use of dressings impregnated with Chlorhexidine gel decreases the rate of CRF in ICU patients with a central venous catheter. A prospective comparative trial provided excellent results of bactericidal and antimicrobial action of the use of transparent dressings impregnated with CHG and finally a randomized controlled study was carried out in a pediatric cardiac intensive unit where gluconate sponge impregnated with chlorhexidine is safe and significantly reduces rates. of CVC colonization in infants and children after cardiac surgery. Conclusion: It was evident in the reviewed research that there is effectiveness in the use of adhesives with chlorhexidine for venous catheters in the prevention of bacteremia since it reduces the percentages of bacteremia associated with central venous catheters, therefore reducing hospital stay, deaths and costs. .
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of using the incentive spirometer to prevent pulmonary complications in post-cardiac surgery patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-22) Valencia Portuguez, Flavia Giovana; Crisolo Berrospi, Beatriz Isamar; Uturunco Vera, Milagros Lizbeth
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of the use of the incentive spirometer to prevent pulmonary complications in post-cardiac surgery patients. Materials and Methods: It is a systematic review of 10 articles selected through the database PubMed, scielo, Lilacs, google academic, Cochrane, epistemonikos. The 10 selected articles are qualitative research, 30% are systematic reviews, 60% are randomized controlled trials and 10% are experimental. Results: Of the total of 10 reviewed evidences, 70% show that exercises with the incentive spirometer are not effective in preventing pulmonary complications in post-cardiac surgery patients. 30% show that exercises with the incentive spirometer are effective in preventing pulmonary complications in patients after cardiac surgery. Conclusions: The use of the incentive spirometer is not effective for preventing pulmonary complications in patients after cardiac surgery. However, if they are accompanied by physical therapy techniques, they reduce pulmonary complications.
Acceso abierto
Factors associated with postoperative complications in patients operated in the thoracic and cardiovascular surgery service, Hipólito Unanue national hospital 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-04-18) Gaspar Ramos, Eliana; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa Maria
Objective: Determine the factors associated with postoperative complications in patients operated on in the Thorax and Cardiovascular Surgery Service, Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue 2021. Methodology: Cross-sectional and correlational study. The population made up of patients scheduled for the specialty of chest and cardiovascular surgery, being 68 patients, the sample will be non-probabilistic, therefore, no sample size was calculated. Data collection techniques and instruments: The survey technique will be used for the two variables under study, postoperative complications and personal and institutional factors; The instruments for the case of the two variables will be the questionnaire; which are data that will be collected from medical records, postoperative monitoring sheets, operative report and anesthesia sheets. Procedures: The information collection process will take place in three months. Once the information is collected through the application of the instrument, the information will be entered into a database in the statistical program SPSS Version 23. Statistical Analysis: Where applicable Descriptive analysis will use means, proportions, percentages and frequency tables and graphs; To verify the formulated hypothesis and establish the strength of statistical association of the variables under study, the Chi square test will be used, accepting values p < 0.05 as significant.
Acceso abierto
Level of preoperative information and anxiety of patients scheduled for cardiovascular surgery in a hospital in Lima, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-01-08) Valdez Moreno, Cristie Nohelia; Montoro Valdivia, Marcos Antonio
Determine the relationship between the level of preoperative information and the degree of anxiety of patients scheduled for cardiovascular surgery in a hospital in Lima, 2022. In this study, the hypothetical deductive method will be used, since it is considered the hypothesis as the starting point to be tested; it is of quantitative approach because it wants to evaluate the objectivity, verify, describe and predict the phenomena; It is applied because it seeks to provide a solution to everyday issues; The research design will not be experimental, with a correlational level, and it is longitudinal in nature because it makes several measurements of the variables in the same individual. The sample will be 50 patients scheduled for cardiovascular surgery, it will be through a probabilistic test, applying inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The techniques to be used in the field of study will be the questionnaire and the documentary record, both previously validated in previous studies, with respect to the results, descriptive statistics and the Pearson construction will be used, with an interpretation of the research through tables and graphs.
Acceso abierto
Utilidad de la tromboelastografía versus las pruebas de coagulación de rutina para la toma de decisión de transfusión de componentes sanguíneos en pacientes que fueron intervenidos a cirugía cardiaca en una clínica de Lima, 2014-2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-03-02) Verastegui Topovich, Renata Patricia; Huamán Cárdenas, Víctor Raúl
La tromboelastografía (TEG) es una herramienta diagnóstica utilizada para evaluar el estado hemostático en tiempo real, a diferencia de las pruebas de coagulación de rutina (PCRU) que miden aspectosindividuales de la coagulación como eltiempo de protrombina o el índice internacional normalizado. La TEG evalúa la interacción dinámica de los componentes de la coagulación de forma global, lo cual es crucial en cirugía cardiaca, donde el riesgo de sangrado es significativo y las pruebas convencionales tienen limitaciones para guiar la transfusión de hemocomponentes. Este estudio tiene como objetivo comparar la utilidad de la TEG frente a las PCRU en la toma de decisiones sobre la transfusión en pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardiaca en una clínica de Lima entre 2014 y 2022. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte transversal con enfoque cuantitativo, utilizando una población de 3600 pacientes mayores de 18 años sin enfermedades hematológicas. Los datos se recolectaron de las historias clínicas y se procesaron en Stata. Las variables incluyeron parámetros de TEG (R, K, ángulo alfa, amplitud máxima e índice de coagulación) y PCRU (tiempo de protrombina, recuento de plaquetas, fibrinógeno, entre otros).