Publicación: Revisión narrativa de estudios científicos sobre el aumento de peso gestacional en relación con el ponderado del neonato
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Se presenta el caso clínico de una gestante a término que acude a emergencia del INMP por presentar contracciones uterinas, se solicita ecografía doppler , exámenes de laboratorio y test estresante, culminando el embarazo por cesárea de emergencia con diagnóstico de Insuficiencia útero placentaria, RCIU tardío. Concluyendo: El test estresante es una prueba de gran utilidad en el diagnóstico de insuficiencia placentaria y la prevención de morbilidad y mortalidad perinatal, constituyendo una herramienta necesaria para evaluar el bienestar fetal y tomar decisiones oportunas.
Resumen
Objective: To determine the scientific evidence of gestational weight gain in relation to neonatal weight. Materials and methods: A qualitative scientific review design was used. Systematic searches were conducted in multiple virtual libraries such as Lilacs, Elsevier, Scielo, and PubMed. A total of 30 articles published between 2016 and 2021 were collected. The Grade system was used to assess the strength of recommendations. Results: It was found that 73% of the studies mentioned a significant relationship between overweight and macrosomia, while 27% of the studies indicated a statistically significant relationship between obesity and macrosomia. 89% of the studies reported a statistically significant relationship between insufficient weight gain during pregnancy and low birth weight, while 11% of the studies reported no significant relationship between weight loss during pregnancy and neonatal weight loss. Conclusions: The scientific literature review shows that there is consistency between gestational weight gain and neonatal weight according to the scientific evidence reviewed, both nationally and internationally.