Narrative review of scientific studies on the increase of gestational weight in relation to the weighted neonate
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Objective: To determine the scientific evidence of gestational weight gain in relation to neonatal weight. Materials and methods: A qualitative scientific review design was used. Systematic searches were conducted in multiple virtual libraries such as Lilacs, Elsevier, Scielo, and PubMed. A total of 30 articles published between 2016 and 2021 were collected. The Grade system was used to assess the strength of recommendations. Results: It was found that 73% of the studies mentioned a significant relationship between overweight and macrosomia, while 27% of the studies indicated a statistically significant relationship between obesity and macrosomia. 89% of the studies reported a statistically significant relationship between insufficient weight gain during pregnancy and low birth weight, while 11% of the studies reported no significant relationship between weight loss during pregnancy and neonatal weight loss. Conclusions: The scientific literature review shows that there is consistency between gestational weight gain and neonatal weight according to the scientific evidence reviewed, both nationally and internationally.
Resumen
Se presenta el caso clínico de una gestante a término que acude a emergencia del INMP por presentar contracciones uterinas, se solicita ecografía doppler , exámenes de laboratorio y test estresante, culminando el embarazo por cesárea de emergencia con diagnóstico de Insuficiencia útero placentaria, RCIU tardío. Concluyendo: El test estresante es una prueba de gran utilidad en el diagnóstico de insuficiencia placentaria y la prevención de morbilidad y mortalidad perinatal, constituyendo una herramienta necesaria para evaluar el bienestar fetal y tomar decisiones oportunas.