Examinando por Autor "Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell"

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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Sihuay Espinoza, Fiviana Danitsa; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the factors associated with the noise level produced by high and low-speed rotary instruments according to usage time, brand, and maintenance. The study was descriptive, observational, prospective, and cross-sectional. A total of 128 rotary instruments, both high and low speed, were used, and the noise level was measured using a sound level meter during cavity preparation on models with natural teeth. The results showed that the average noise levels of the high and low-speed rotary instruments were below 85 decibels (dB). According to usage time, the highest noise level was found between 4 to 5 years for both types of instruments. By brand, the highest noise level for high-speed rotary instruments was found in brand 1, and for low-speed instruments, it was found in brand 3. Finally, according to maintenance, the highest noise level in both types of instruments was found in those that had not received maintenance. It was concluded that the most frequent factor associated with the noise level produced by high and low-speed rotary instruments was maintenance, and all instruments were below the 85 dB permissible exposure limit regulated by MINSA.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-10-26) Meza Chu, Roberto Carlos; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the cariogenic potential of the diet consumed by students of the Dental School of the University Wiener. The sample consisted of all first-cycle students who met the inclusion criteria, totaling 97 students, who were interviewed using a validated instrument. The results were processed using the SPSS version 19 statistical program, employing descriptive statistics and Chi-square statistical tests. The results showed that 41.3% of the population consumed a diet with low cariogenic potential, 58.7% consumed a diet with moderate cariogenic potential, and no cases of students consuming a diet with high cariogenic potential were found. No statistically significant relationship was found between variables such as age, gender, or occupation. Other factors related to the university life environment were considered in this result, and it is recommended that future research delve into these factors. The study concluded that the majority of students consume a diet with moderate cariogenic potential.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Torres León, Manuela; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
A study was conducted with the aim of determining the level of anxiety regarding dental surgery treatment. The study was descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional, carried out at the Norbert Wiener University Dental Clinic during the months of April, May, and June of 2016 in the Lima district, Peru. The study included 100 adult patients aged 20 to 59 years, who were given an anxiety assessment using the Modified Norman Corah Anxiety Scale. The results showed that 72% of patients exhibited some level of anxiety, ranging from mild to moderate and severe. The male gender presented a higher percentage of anxiety compared to the female gender.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Romero Cuica, Haydeé Concepción; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between the frequency of Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) and the risk factors in neonates recorded at the "Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz" Hospital between 2005 and 2013, in the Puente Piedra district, Lima - Peru. Materials and Methods: The study was observational, descriptive, and retrospective. The research was conducted at the "Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz" Hospital and involved reviewing 41 medical records of neonates and their respective mothers registered between 2005 and 2013. The population consisted of all medical records of neonates with Cleft Lip and Palate and their respective mothers at the "Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz" Hospital from 2005 to 2013. The sample was obtained based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, with evaluations of the medical records of the neonates diagnosed with CLP (41 records) and their mothers, based on data from the Hospital's Statistics Unit during 2005-2013. Results: The frequency of Cleft Lip and Palate was highest in Grade III with 65.85%, followed by Grade II with 24.39%, and Grade I with 9.75%. The male sex was more affected, comprising 70.73%, while 29.27% were female. No statistically significant association was found between CLP and the sex of the newborn. For variables such as family history, age of the parents, diseases during the first trimester of pregnancy, and the consumption of drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes as risk factors for CLP, no significant statistical associations were found. Newborns with CLP were more frequently born to first-time mothers, but no statistically significant association was found. The nutritional status of the mothers was mostly inadequate at 80.49%, but no statistically significant association was found between CLP and maternal nutritional status.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Carrillo Saavedra, Naly Rosario; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The purpose of the study was to determine the level of knowledge about oral health among the parents of students with Down syndrome and Autism at the Ricardo Bentin Special Basic Education Center (CEBE) in the Rímac district. The study evaluated 41 parents of students with Down syndrome and 29 parents of students with Autism. The evaluation was conducted using a 12-question questionnaire on oral health. Chi-square and Gamma coefficient tests were applied in the data analysis. The study concluded that the parents of students with Down syndrome and Autism at CEBE Ricardo Bentin had a regular level of knowledge about oral health.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Calvo Sánchez, Alina Rosario; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
Lighting is one of the important parameters to consider as either a preventive health measure during dental work, when adequate lighting is present, or as a potential risk factor when inadequate lighting exists in the patient care environment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the lighting level of the work environment and the operating field used for dental care in dental offices and clinics in the Independencia district. The study was descriptive, observational, prospective, and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 52 dental offices and 18 dental clinics. A lux meter was used as the instrument to measure the lighting level of the work environment and the operating field, and the readings were recorded in a data collection form. The results showed that 59.6% of the dental offices and 33.3% of the clinics had inadequate lighting levels in both the work environment and the operating field. Meanwhile, 40.4% of the dental offices and 66.7% of the clinics had adequate lighting levels. It was concluded that dental clinics had a higher level of adequate lighting than dental offices in both the work environment and the operating field.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Palacios Navarro, Blanca Luz; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3 to 5 years in relation to sociodemographic factors at I.E.I. Los Laureles, Lima – Peru, in 2017. During the process, an evaluation instrument was created. The sample consisted of 178 children aged 3 to 5 years from I.E.I. Los Laureles, with at least one of their parents, who were given a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics. The data collected were processed using SPSS version 22, and the Chi-square statistical test was applied. The results showed that 37.6% of the children had very low dental caries prevalence, 10.7% had low prevalence, 13.5% had moderate prevalence, 16.9% had high dental caries prevalence, and 21.3% had very high prevalence. Children aged 5 years had more dental caries than children aged 3 and 4 years. Also, girls had more dental caries than boys. Additionally, 64% of children with very low dental caries prevalence had visited the dentist in the last 6 months, 71.4% of children with very low prevalence had married parents, and 61.5% of children with very low dental caries prevalence had parents with primary education, 47.5% with secondary education, and 35% with higher education. The study concluded that 37.6% of children aged 3 to 5 years at I.E.I. Los Laureles had a low prevalence of dental caries.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Fonte, Nijumin; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the prevalence of dental fluorosis and exposure to systemic fluorides in schoolchildren aged 12-15 from the Carlos Gutiérrez Merino Educational Institution in Ancón, Lima-Peru, in 2014. This study was observational, prospective, cross-sectional, and analytical. The sample consisted of 135 secondary school students. A survey was administered to the parents to determine the systemic fluorides the students were exposed to, and the concentration of fluoride in the students' drinking water was also evaluated. The Dean Index was used to diagnose dental fluorosis. The results showed that 50.4% of the total sample had dental fluorosis, and the fluoride concentration ranged from 0.18 mg/L to 0.20 mg/L, values within the permissible limits. It was concluded that the systemic fluorides associated with dental fluorosis were the factors most frequently influencing the consumption of toothpaste, including the age of initiation of toothpaste use, supervision of brushing, toothpaste ingestion during brushing, and outside of brushing.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) López Segura, Yessenia Virginia; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the characteristics of self-medication in dental care among users of a pharmacy in the Jesús María district, Lima – Peru, in 2017. During the process, an evaluation instrument was created. The sample consisted of 191 users who visited a pharmacy chain located in the Jesús María district, who were given a questionnaire on pharmacological prescriptions. The collected data were processed using SPSS version 22, and the Chi-square statistical test was applied. The results showed that 62.8% of the users practiced self-prescription, with 44.2% of male users and 55.8% of female users. The age group with the highest frequency of self-prescription was 18 to 44 years old, with 60%, followed by users aged 45 to 60 years at 24.2%, and lastly, those over 61 years of age with 15.8%. Furthermore, it was found that users with the highest rate of self-prescription had a secondary education level (42.5%). The most common reason for self-prescription was dental pain, at 68.3%, and the most frequently consumed drug group by self-prescribing users was NSAIDs. The study concluded that the main characteristic of pharmaceutical consumption for dental-related conditions among adults in the Jesús María district was self-prescription.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Crivillero Jurado, Luz Angelica; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish whether there is a relationship between the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in children aged 3, 4, and 5 years and the level of knowledge about oral health prevention in parents at the Initial Educational Institution N° 516, Villa María del Triunfo District, Lima-Peru, 2015. Materials and Methods: A sample of 190 parents from the Initial Educational Institution N° 516, Villa María del Triunfo, was evaluated. Parents were given a validated survey assessing their knowledge about oral health prevention, and a work sheet for children aged 3, 4, and 5 was used to relate the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries. Results: The level of knowledge about oral health prevention among parents was found to be "regular" at 52.6%. Regarding the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries, the majority presented a "moderate" level at 40.0%. No relationship was observed between oral health knowledge and the age or gender of the parents. It was noted that in all three child age groups, the sample did not show a normal distribution in the level of caries and the educational level of the respondent. A relationship was observed between these variables, as children of parents with "good" oral health knowledge had a lower caries level. Finally, no relationship was found between the child’s caries level and the age of the respondent. Conclusions: The overall level of knowledge about oral health prevention was found to be regular; however, the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries was moderate in children aged 3, 4, and 5 years.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Trauco Villavicencio, Sandra Lizzeth; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of 0.12% Chlorhexidine and 0.1% and 0.2% Sodium Hypochlorite for controlling the most prevalent bacterial contamination on toothbrushes used by 7-year-old schoolchildren at the Parroquial Nuestra Señora de Montserrat Educational Institution. To this end, the toothbrushes used by the schoolchildren for a period of 47 days were collected in sterile urocultivation containers containing 5 ml of sterile TSB broth and incubated at 35°C for 18 hours. Then, 1 μl (0.001 ml) of the broth was streaked and diluted on MacConkey agar plates, which were incubated at 35°C for 18 hours. The reading was based on colonial characteristics, followed by microorganism identification. The antibacterial substances in Mueller Hinton plates were incubated for 24 hours at 35°C, after which the inhibition zones were measured with a Vernier caliper or ruler. The results showed that the most prevalent microorganisms on the toothbrushes used by the schoolchildren were Pseudomonas spp. (28.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.5%) on non-contaminated plates, while on contaminated plates, Pseudomonas spp. accounted for 65% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for 15%. The antibacterial efficacy identified that 0.12% Chlorhexidine had a greater inhibitory effect for controlling bacterial contamination found on the toothbrushes compared to 0.1% and 0.2% Sodium Hypochlorite. It was concluded that the most prevalent bacteria were more resistant to the inhibitory effect of 0.1% and 0.2% Sodium Hypochlorite.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-09-21) Torres Bermejo, Hellen Katterin; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The following work is a research thesis on Occupational Risks, their effects on the work-life quality and health of the staff at the “Sonrisa Total” Dental Center of Clínica Internacional S.A. Lima, 2016. This thesis is motivated to increase awareness among dental staff regarding the occupational risks they are exposed to and their effects on work-life quality. The main objective is to determine the physical, chemical, biological, psychophysiological, and ergonomic risks, and their effects on Work-Life Quality (WLQ) and health for the staff working at the "Sonrisa Total" Dental Center of Clínica Internacional. The research was applied, descriptive, retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of all 53 workers at the “Sonrisa Total” Dental Center of Clínica Internacional. Validated instruments were used. The primary hypothesis was that physical, chemical, biological, psychophysiological, and ergonomic occupational risks have negative effects on the Work-Life Quality (WLQ) and health of the staff working at the “Sonrisa Total” Dental Center. Staff at the “Sonrisa Total” Dental Center of Clínica Internacional are exposed to occupational risks that can damage their health and have negative effects on the work-life quality of the dental center’s staff.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Palomino Livora, Sheila Daniela; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries and the loss of first permanent molars in 6 and 7-year-old children from the I.E. N° 1059 María Inmaculada, Lince District, Lima, in 2015. A descriptive, cross-sectional, and observational study was conducted, in which 118 children were examined to assess the presence of carious lesions and the loss of first permanent molars. The results showed that the prevalence of caries in the first molars was 54.2% in most of the children, and the frequency of loss of first permanent molars was 24.7%. In conclusion, a high percentage of prevalence of caries in the first permanent molars (54.2%) and loss of these molars (24.7%) was found in children who still have months of dental eruption.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2012) Gálvez Saldaña, Santos; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of microleakage in composite resins in relation to the cavity preparation surface finish of class II cavities with a right-angle and bevel angle in dental pieces. The in vitro study was experimental, analytical, cross-sectional, prospective, and applicative in nature. Sample: 60 human teeth. Class II cavities were prepared in all, with 30 having a right-angle surface finish and 30 with a bevel-angle surface finish. All samples were filled with composite resin. They were hydrated in 0.9% sodium chloride for one week, and the apices were sealed with acrylic resin. A total of 250 thermocycling cycles at temperatures of 5°C and 55°C were performed. The samples were then immersed in 2% methylene blue for one week. Vertical, horizontal, and coronal cuts were made to evaluate all walls involved in this research, and then observed under an optical microscope at 10x magnification. As a result, in the vertical cut, the three respective degrees of microleakage showed average differences of 30%, 10%, and 20%. In the horizontal cut, the three degrees of microleakage showed average differences of 40%, 10%, and 40%. In the coronal cut, the four degrees of microleakage showed average differences of 20%, 57%, 27%, and 50%, all favoring the bevel-angle restorations. In conclusion, restorations with a bevel-angle cavity preparation surface finish exhibited less microleakage compared to restorations with a right-angle surface finish.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Cantoral Ramos, Yesenia Sandy; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
According to the World Health Organization and the International Dental Federation, dental caries and gingivitis are the most prevalent oral pathologies in schoolchildren. Therefore, adolescents and young individuals must have an adequate level of knowledge about oral hygiene, not only to feel good but also to help maintain good health. The objective of this research was to determine the level of knowledge about oral health and the prevention of oral diseases in 1st and 2nd-year secondary school students at the Colegio Nacional Nicolás de Piérola in the Acarí district, Arequipa, during the 2015 period. The sample consisted of 240 students who met the inclusion criteria for 1st and 2nd-year secondary students, who were surveyed on their level of knowledge regarding oral health and the prevention of oral diseases. The results showed that 71.1% of the population had a regular level of knowledge, 22.2% had poor knowledge, and 6.7% had good knowledge about oral health and the prevention of oral diseases. Notably, males had a higher level of knowledge than females, students aged 12 to 13 years had more knowledge about oral health and disease prevention, and the highest level of knowledge was found among 1st-year secondary students. In conclusion, the 1st and 2nd-year secondary school students at the Colegio Nacional Nicolás de Piérola in the Acarí district have a regular level of knowledge about oral health and the prevention of oral diseases.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Canto Lara, Celina Sandra; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The teaching of mechanical plaque control is of utmost importance, as its goal is to prevent periodontal diseases and create a positive attitude in the patient, inform, and motivate them. The objective of this observational, descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional, and relational-level research was to assess the effectiveness of the modified Bass and modified Stillman brushing techniques for bacterial plaque control in secondary school students. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 97 children aged 10 to 15 years. A plaque disclosure substance was used, and oral hygiene was evaluated using the O'Leary Index before and after the educational talks. The dental surfaces were then assessed, considering two groups: one for instruction in the modified Stillman brushing technique. It was concluded that before brushing, the group using the modified Bass technique had an average of 67.8%, while the Stillman group had 86.0%. After brushing, both techniques proved effective, with the modified Bass technique showing 22.8% improvement and the Stillman technique showing 24.6%.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2014) Moquillaza Ajalcriña, Gloria Milagros; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine if there is a relationship between risk, dental caries prevalence, and the stomatological evaluation of lunchbox contents in children with deciduous dentition at the N.o 191 María Inmaculada Early Education Institution. The study was descriptive, observational, relational, and prospective, with a cross-sectional design. The sample was non-probabilistic by convenience, consisting of 159 children enrolled at the N.o 191 María Inmaculada Early Education Institution who met the inclusion criteria. A clinical form was created. To measure dental caries risk, the Cambra survey was used. To measure the prevalence of dental caries, the ceo-d index was used, and to evaluate the stomatological content of the lunchboxes, a data collection form was created with a stomatological evaluation scale, validated by expert judgment. The results showed that the dental caries risk in the children was moderate, with 59.8%. The prevalence of dental caries was high, with 84.28%, and the ceo-d index was 4.89. The stomatological evaluation of the lunchbox contents was poor, with 54.1%. A statistically significant relationship was found between the dental caries risk and the prevalence of dental caries, as well as between the prevalence of dental caries and the stomatological evaluation of lunchbox contents.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Seminario Chávez, Abraham Eleuterio; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The purpose of the study was to determine the level of knowledge and attitude of nursing students at the Instituto Superior Arzobispo Loayza (main campus) regarding tooth avulsion and fracture, Lima 2016. A prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 185 sixth-cycle nursing students were evaluated. The assessment was done using a questionnaire with 18 questions about knowledge and attitude levels on tooth avulsion and fracture. The results were analyzed using the chi-square test and the Gamma coefficient. The results showed that 63.8% and 36.2% of nursing students had deficient and average knowledge levels, respectively, regarding tooth avulsion and fracture. Regarding age group and sex, the knowledge level was deficient, particularly in 69.6% of those aged 28 and older, in 64.2% of females, and in 60.9% of males. It was concluded that the knowledge level regarding tooth avulsion and fracture was deficient, and the attitude was undecided regarding both avulsion and dental fracture.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Chávez Huaromo, Nilo Leonardo; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the location of the lower third molars according to the Winter classification and the Pell and Gregory classification in panoramic radiographs of patients aged 18 to 50 from the Dental Clinic of the Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima, 2017. A total of 101 panoramic radiographs of patients aged 18 to 50 from the years 2012-2014 were used; both lower third molars were taken from each panoramic radiograph, and the Winter and Pell – Gregory classifications were applied. Results: The most prevalent location of lower third molars according to the Winter classification was horizontal with 66.3%, mesioangular with 18.8%, and vertical with 12.9%. The location of the lower third molars according to the Winter classification and age group showed that in all three age groups, horizontal, mesioangular, and vertical positions were the most prevalent, respectively. Conclusions: According to the Winter classification, the most prevalent positions were horizontal, mesioangular, and vertical, while according to the Pell and Gregory classification, it was IIB, followed by IB. It was also determined that these positions were the most frequent in both genders and age groups.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Takacs Tello, Evelyn; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in secondary school students from the National Educational Center Mariscal Ramón Castilla 7207 in the district of San Juan de Miraflores. The sample was probabilistic, collecting data from 182 students aged 13 to 17, who underwent a clinical examination, gathering data according to the Helkimo index to determine the severity of temporomandibular disorders. Data processing was carried out using frequency tables and the chi-square statistical test (SPSS version 22). The results showed that 56% of students had a mild temporomandibular disorder. It was found that the male gender had a mild disorder in 28%, while the female gender had 28.6%. Furthermore, the results showed that students aged 13 to 15 represented 37.4% of the population with mild temporomandibular disorder, while 19.2% of students aged 16 to 17 also had a mild temporomandibular disorder. In conclusion, a significant percentage of students from the secondary level of the National Educational Center Mariscal Ramón Castilla 7207 in the district of San Juan de Miraflores have a mild temporomandibular disorder.