Examinando por Materia "Ingestión de Alimentos"

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 24

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Calorimetry and food consumption in people with psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis from an association in Lima-Peru, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-05-29) Pineda Quispe, Jenny Tatiana; Mauricio Alza, Saby Marisol
The design of a nutritional plan for a person with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis requires knowledge of nutritional requirements as well as food consumption to identify eating habits. Objective: To determine the caloric requirement using calorimetry and food consumption in people with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis from an association in Lima, Peru, in May 2023. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, non-experimental, prospective, and cross-sectional. Results: 17 people with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis were included, 76.5% of whom were women, and 47.1% were between 20 to 40 years old. 64.7% of the population had more than 10 years of illness. Their weight was 72.16+15.70 kg, height 1.61+0.06 m, and age 44.05+13.05 years. Calorimetry indicated 1,582.64+513.20 kcal required. 47.06% were overweight. 58.82% consumed vegetables 2 times a week. Biscuits were the most consumed snacks (41.2%), and 52.9% consumed snacks once a week. 41.2% consumed less than half a teaspoon of salt daily. Conclusion: To implement the nutritional care process, it is necessary to know the frequency of food consumption to establish a nutritional diagnosis and caloric requirements for designing the nutritional plan.The design of a nutritional plan for a person with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis requires knowledge of nutritional requirements as well as food consumption to identify eating habits. Objective: To determine the caloric requirement using calorimetry and food consumption in people with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis from an association in Lima, Peru, in May 2023. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, non-experimental, prospective, and cross-sectional. Results: 17 people with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis were included, 76.5% of whom were women, and 47.1% were between 20 to 40 years old. 64.7% of the population had more than 10 years of illness. Their weight was 72.16+15.70 kg, height 1.61+0.06 m, and age 44.05+13.05 years. Calorimetry indicated 1,582.64+513.20 kcal required. 47.06% were overweight. 58.82% consumed vegetables 2 times a week. Biscuits were the most consumed snacks (41.2%), and 52.9% consumed snacks once a week. 41.2% consumed less than half a teaspoon of salt daily. Conclusion: To implement the nutritional care process, it is necessary to know the frequency of food consumption to establish a nutritional diagnosis and caloric requirements for designing the nutritional plan.
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Complementary feeding practices and iron deficiency anemia in children aged 6 to 24 months at the Llanavilla health post in Villa El Salvador, Lima -2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-09-26) Tantalean Carranza, María Bethy; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Complementary feeding practices are an essential tool for human health, since an adequate dietary practice can reduce or avoid the rate of contracting anemia generally in minors, who are the sector with the highest risk. The main objective of this project is to determine the relationship between complementary feeding practices and iron deficiency anemia in children aged 6 to 24 months, at the Llanavilla Health Post in Villa el Salvador, Lima - 2021. The present study has a hypothetical deductive research method with a quantitative approach, applied type, correlational and transversal design. The population and sample are children under 24 months of age treated at the Llanavilla Health Post in the first half of the current year, and the technique that will be applied is the survey, and at the same time the documentary record will be used to extract the results of hemoglobin. Finally, to measure the variable, complementary feeding practice, it is based on a questionnaire, which is made up of 13 items and divided into two dimensions, which are: types of food that determines 6 questions and frequency of food consumption by 7 questions, of In this way, the evaluation scale is established. This instrument was created in 2016 by the researchers: Álvarez Quiñones, Huamani Mendoza, Montoya Jiménez, Clara Trinidad, from the Cayetano Heredia University, and Validated by expert judgment, its reliability is 0.81 by Cron Bach's alpha, which makes this instrument reliable for the application.
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Consumo de alimentos procesados-ultraprocesados y composición corporal en el personal del servicio de enfermería del centro de emergencia de Lima metropolitana, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-11-11) Tarachea Rios, Alejandro Julian; Pasache Moreno, Julissa María
La sobrevaloración de los niveles de masa grasa produce un exceso de secreción de varias adipocinas inflamatorias como resistina, leptina y adiponectina, entre otras y el factor de necrosis tumoral α que contribuye de manera significativa a la carga inflamatoria sistémica total, además el alto nivel de grasa visceral provee una sobrecarga de flujo de ácidos grasos libres hacia el hígado. Objetivo: Determinar la relación del Consumo de Alimentos Procesados-Ultraprocesados y Composición Corporal en el Personal del Servicio de Enfermería del Centro de Emergencia de Lima Metropolitana, 2023. Metodología: Estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo correlacional, de diseño no experimental, prospectivo y de corte transversal. El estudio se realizó en 152 trabajadores de salud entre hombres y mujeres con edades de 30 a 60 años. Se aplicó los instrumentos cuestionario de consumo de alimentos procesados-ultraprocesados, Balanza de Control Corporal, tallímetro portátil y la Ficha de Recolección de Datos. Resultados: No se evidenció una relación significativa entre el consumo de alimentos procesados-ultraprocesados con el porcentaje de grasa corporal (rho = 0.100; p = 0.221) a pesar del 64,5% en obesidad. Lo mismo sucedió con el porcentaje de músculo esquelético (rho = 0.033; p = 0.684) de nivel bajo en 43,4%, y con el nivel de grasa visceral (rho = -0.071; p = 0.382) de nivel alto en 25,7%. Conclusión: Según la prueba de correlación de Spearman (p > 0.05), no se encontró un coeficiente de correlación significativo entre el consumo de alimentos procesados-ultra procesados con las dimensiones de la composición corporal.
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Consumo de grupos de alimentos en trabajadores de una empresa de transportes en Pachacutec, Ventanilla, 2025
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-10-02) Flores Condor, Zoila Yelina; Mauricio Alza, Saby Marisol
Introducción: los trabajadores conductores de transportes disminuyen su actividad física propio de la profesión a la que se dedican, los horarios alterados y la poca disponibilidad de alimentos y entornos poco saludables podría afectar la calidad de vida afectando su salud y nutrición. Objetivo: Determinar el consumo de grupos de alimentos en los trabajadores de una empresa de transporte en Pachacútec Ventanilla,2025. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó de un estudio descriptivo, no experimental, transversal y prospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 conductores, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta estructurada sobre el consumo diario de alimentos, considerando los grupos de lácteos, cereales, frutas y verduras. Resultados: el 60% de los encuestados consumió un vaso diario de leche o yogurt, mientras que el 27.5% no los consumía. El consumo de cereales, el 95% reportó consumo moderado destacando el pan o tostadas (87.5%) seguido del arroz y pasta (87.5%). Las frutas fueron consumidas mayormente en una porción diaria, especialmente mandarina, manzana, naranja y plátano; sin embargo, hubo frutas como la papaya o la sandía que presentaron niveles importantes de no consumo. Para verduras, el 77.5% reportó una porción diaria de frescas y el 70% de cocidas, el jugo de verduras fue poco consumido, con un 60% que no lo incluyó en su dieta. Conclusiones: El consumo de cereales fue moderado, mientras que la ingesta de frutas, verduras y lácteos fue baja, lo cual podría representar un riesgo nutricional a largo plazo en esta población laboral.
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Consumo y uso tradicional de (physalis peruviana l.) Aguaymanto en personas que visitan el Mercado Gran Centro Comercial y Agropecuario Manuel Arturo Odría de Tarma – Junín, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-10-14) Leyva Luna, Jennifer Dayan; Paucar Cueva, Percy Humberto; Ñañez Del Pino, Daniel
El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el consumo y uso tradicional del (Physalis peruviana L.) aguaymanto en personas, que visitan el mercado gran centro comercial y agropecuario Manuel Arturo Odría de Tarma – Junín, 2023. Se realizó un estudio deductivo, de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo básica no experimental y de alcance observacional empleando como instrumento un cuestionario que se realizó a 308 personas mayores de edad seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico, tipo accidental y este instrumento fue aplicado durante 7 días. Los resultados encontrados indican que las personas consumen el fruto Physalis peruviana L. solo por costumbre familiar y lo usan porque es un buen antioxidante, sin embargo, desconocen acerca de otros beneficios que puede aportar este fruto para la salud dando a conocer su propiedad antiinflamatoria (51,6%) ayuda a reducir los niveles de glucosa en la sangre (30,2%) tratar los niveles de colesterol (31,5%), antioxidante (38,6%). Se concluye que las personas que visitan el mercado indican que consumen el fruto Physalis peruviana L. solo por costumbre familiar y lo usan tradicionalmente por sus propiedades antiinflamatorias y antioxidantes.
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Consumption of nutritional supplements of users who attend the MZ GYM gym in the District of Lurín, Lima 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-09-07) Puma Flores, Katherine Rocio; León Cáceres, Johanna del Carmen
The present research aimed to determine the consumption of nutritional supplements among the users of MZ GYM in the Lurín District, Lima, in 2022. A deductive method was used with a non-experimental design and a sample of 84 users, who responded to a questionnaire designed to gather the necessary information. The main results showed that 50% of the respondents had partially adequate consumption levels, 30% had adequate consumption levels, and 20% had inadequate consumption levels. The study concluded that most users of MZ GYM in Lurín, Lima, in 2022, had adequate consumption levels.
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Critic review: nutritional intervention through energy restriction regimens according to schedule patterns, in adults with excess weight.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-21) Noreña Chumbislla, Ivone; León Cáceres, Johanna del Carmen
Dietary intervention is essential to treat excess weight. The present research is based on a critical review according to the bibliography found in the scientific database, with the objective of identifying those articles that answer the clinical question: Nutritional intervention through energy restriction regimes according to time, in adults with excess weight. The NuBE (Evidence-Based Nutrition) methodology was used. Through the information search, 44 articles were found in PUBMED, Cochrane, MEDLINE, DIMENSIÓN, finally 11 articles were selected and the information was evaluated with the CASPE critical reading tool, finding articles with levels of strong evidence, statements that report that the Dietary therapy of continuous and intermittent restriction in people with excess weight achieve variations convenient for health. The selected article was “Effects of Intermittent and Continuous calorie restriction on body weight and metabolism over 50 Wk.: A randomized controlled trial”. The critical commentary generated concludes that both dietary therapies report results in weight reduction and variation in appropriate metabolic profiles in their implementation, therefore both interventions are positive in excess weight.
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Critical review: dietary intake changes in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-10-05) Viera Aradiel, Jenifer Nerina Lisbet; Espinoza Rado, Erika Paola
Breast cancer is a disease that is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells. Most cancers form a mass called a tumor. This alteration makes it difficult for the body to function properly. Breast cancer can start in different parts of the breast: there are ductal, lobular and other less common cancers such as phyllodes and angiosarcoma. The search was carried out in a systematic computerized way in the search engines ELSEVIER, PUBMED, HINARI, COCHRANE, SCIELO, GOOGLE ACADÉMICO, DIMENSION, SCIENCEDIRECT, where the key words used in the search were dietary intake, changes in intake, perception of foods, chemotherapy and breast cancer. Types of study were included: clinical trials, cohorts and cases and controls, patients over 18 years of age, of both genders, with breast cancer, with chemotherapy treatment were included. The results that were measured: the side effects of chemotherapy can affect food intake in both quality and quality, finding that there are significant changes in protein foods (P <0.001), fat (P <0.001), MUFA (P <0.001), phosphorus (P <0.001), sodium (P <0.001) and tryptophan. Likewise, it was found that the majority of patients experience nausea, vomiting, changes in taste and smell, which causes a reduction in food intake. It was concluded that chemotherapy has negative effects that harm the quality of life and health status of patients.
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Dietary intake at high altitudes and nutritional status in adolescent pregnant women attended at Pampas Hospital – Huancavelica, 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-04-24) Cahuaya Pacoricona, Lionel Dante; Lozada Urbano, Michelle
The study aimed to correlate dietary intake with height and nutritional status of pregnant adolescents. Executed in Pampas-Huancavelica-Peru, at 3,251 meters above sea level. Cross-sectional study, 32 pregnant adolescents who met the inclusion criteria were interviewed; dietary intake was carried out with the 24-hour recall technique (R24H). The results show that energy, protein and fats are below the nutritional requirements, [average-adequacy] [energy: 2261.7 Kcal/day-80.8%], [proteins: 58.8 gr./day-78.9%], [ fats: 54.8 gr./day- 69.9%]. Carbohydrates showed values closer to adequacy [462.6 gr./day-95.5%]. Vitamins and minerals showed higher percentages of inadequacy, Thiamin (1.1 mg/day) 76.4%, Niacin 84.6%, Folic acid 80.2%, Cobalamin 77.1%, Vitamin A 86.5%, Riboflavin 77.3%, Iron 70.5%, Calcium 68.5 %, Phosphorus 76.6%, Iodine 84.1% and Zinc 82.3%. They showed a normal nutritional status 40.6%, underweight 56.2% and overweight 3.1%, with anemia 71.9% and without anemia 28.1%. A correlation was found between the adequacy of dietary intake at altitude (energy and nutrients) and nutritional status in pregnant adolescents; it was determined that there is a positive and significant correlation between the variables p<0.05, except for fat. We must focus on prevention, detection and timely treatment of anemia in women throughout their reproductive age and strengthen supplementation with iron or other micronutrients to reach 100% of pregnant women.
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Effectiveness of an educational intervention in children to improve the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices about washing hands before consuming food
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-29) Francia Niño de Guzmán, Lourdes Durley; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: Analyze the Effectiveness of an educational intervention in children to improve knowledge, attitudes and practices of hand hygiene before consuming food, interventions to improve healthy lifestyles. Materials and Methods: Simple, observational systematic verification of research results, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of community practice. The search was based on complete articles, which were used in critical reading, using the grade system to assign the strength of suggestion. The articles are: Israel 10% (01/10), Cuba 10% (01/10) Ethiopia 10% (01/10) Mexico 20% (02/10) Venezuela 10% (01/10) Spain 10% (01 /10) Australia 10% (01/10) Nepal 10% (01/10) and Brazil 10% (01/10). Results: The results related to hand washing before eating food indicate that not all children have the knowledge, adequate practices and hygiene materials required for adequate hygiene, therefore there will not be a complete and effective activity for the practice. healthy. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the level of knowledge, practices and attitudes about hand washing before eating food prevents diseases in children and their caregivers, is reflected in hygiene and hand washing practices.
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Effectiveness of fiber intake to prevent colorectal cancer in adults
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-08-18) Silva Villajulca, Frida Liz; Alfaro Almonte, Edith Veronica; Gonzales Saldaña, Susan Haydee
Objective: Systematize the evidence about the effectiveness of fiber intake to prevent colorectal cancer in adults. Materials and Methods: It is a Systematic Review that structures the products of various investigations, recognizing the most salient to answer specific questions of daily work. The follow-up was directed to articles with full text submitted to a critical reading, the recommendation will be made using the GRADE system. Results: According to the results obtained from the systematic review carried out on ten scientific articles in the present study, these come from China (40%), followed by the United Kingdom (30%), Italy (10%), Malaysia (10%), Sweden (10%). of the articles are systematic reviews, followed by 40% (4) meta-analysis, randomized clinical trial 10% (1), cohort 10% (1) cases and controls 10% (1). Of the total of 10 articles reviewed, 100% (n=10) recommended fiber intake to prevent colorectal cancer in adults. Conclusions: of the total of 10 articles reviewed, 100% evidence the effectiveness of fiber intake to prevent colorectal cancer in adults.
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Expenditure on food consumption outside the home, and how much it represents of family income, in households with the presence of children under five years of age and households with the presence of older adults- 2017.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-11-14) Corzo Ponte, Juana Marylia; Flores Montero, Amalia Estela; Lozada Urbano, Michelle Fátima
The objective was to determine the expenditure on food consumption outside the home (GCAH) and how much it represents of family income, in households with children under five years (HCN<5A) and households with elderly adults (HCAM) - 2017. The research design used was cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative, based on the aggregation and analysis of data obtained from the National Household Survey (ENAHO) 2017. The result shows that GCAFH in HCN<5A is S/ 3280.40, representing 8.29% of their income, and in HCAM it is S/ 2407.80, representing 6.83% of their income. It was concluded that GCAFH is higher in HCN<5A. In the case of households with the highest expenditure, these are the ones that do not have elderly adults in the household composition. It is necessary to control the quality of food sold outside the home, so that those who buy and consume have a healthy food option.
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Frequency of Consumption of Processed Foods in Older Adults with Diagnosis of Type II Diabetes Mellitus Who Are Treated at the Dos de Mayo National Hospital, Lima 2023.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-08-10) Arribasplata Jaime, Justin Antuaneth; Luján Torrealva, Franco Silvio
Objective: Determine the frequency of consumption of processed foods in older adults with a diagnosis of type II diabetes mellitus who are treated at the Dos de Mayo National Hospital, Lima 2023. Methodology: The study was descriptive, with a quantitative, cross-sectional, and deductive approach, since a survey was applied that allowed us to know the frequency of consumption. The instrument used was a questionnaire which is composed of 24 items with multiple response options with a Likert scale to know the frequency of food consumption.Results: In older adults with type II diabetes mellitus, approximately one in three consume sugar daily, and most do so between 2 to 4 times per week. Packaged cookies and yogurt are the most consumed sugary foods weekly. Regarding salty foods, white bread and whole wheat bread are the most consumed, between 2 to 4 times a week. Some processed foods, such as canned fish, packaged cheese, ham, and hot dogs, are consumed at least once a week. Sauces and canned foods are consumed less frequently. These findings highlight the importance of providing nutrition education to improve eating habits and diabetes management in this population. Conclusion: Most older adults with type II diabetes mellitus consume sugar and sugary foods frequently. Bread, both white and whole wheat, is one of the most consumed salty foods. Regular consumption of certain processed foods was identified.
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Ingesta nutricional y su relación con la estancia hospitalaria de pacientes críticos en un hospital del Callao, 2021-2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-09-02) Mariños Cotrina, Brian Wally; Hermoza Moquillaza, Rocío Victoria
Objetivo: Determinar la relación de la ingesta nutricional en la estancia hospitalaria de pacientes críticos en un hospital del Callao, 2021-2022. Materiales y método: Estudio no experimental y retrospectivo. Se observaron las historias clínicas de pacientes de cuidado intensivo de un hospital nacional ubicado en la ciudad del Callao, que se registraron en los años 2021 y el 2022 (n= 122). Las variables de estudio fueron " Estancia hospitalaria en UCI" y la “ingesta nutricional” en base a dos dimensiones: ingesta de energía e ingesta de proteínas. Se utilizó el análisis documental. Resultados: El estudio encontró que el 56% de los participantes eran hombres, con una edad promedio de 43 años con 14.8 ± 2.5 y 13.9 ± 2.6 de puntuaciones APACHE y SOFA, respectivamente. La mediana de estancia en cuidados intensivos fue de 13,6 días. La ingesta energética media fue de 12 kcal/kg/día en la fase temprana, 21,7 kcal/kg/día en la fase tardía y 25,3 kcal/kg/día en la fase crónica. Mientras que la ingesta proteica promedio fue de 0.6 g/kg/día ± 0.1, 1.2 g/kg/día ± 0.2 y 1.3 g/kg/día ± 0.2 en la fase aguda temprana, aguda tardía y fase crónica, respectivamente. No se encontró significancia estadística entre la ingesta nutricional y la estancia en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Conclusión: No hay relación significativa de la ingesta nutricional con la estancia hospitalaria de pacientes críticos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos.
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Knowledge and practice of self-care of arteriovenous fistula in patients in the hemodialysis area of a hospital in Lima – 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-12-11) Verastegui Azalde, Adriana Irene; Montoro Valdivia, Marcos Antonio
Renal failure (RI) is considered a progressive decrease in glomerular filtration. The acute phase begins suddenly and can be changeable, while the severe phase evolves rapidly over a period of 3 months and can lead to permanent kidney failure. Excessive intake of protein, phosphorus, nephrotoxic drugs, proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, are the agents for developing the disease, etc., this end-stage renal failure requires hemodialysis or hemodialysis technology as the only cure. Transplant. In the bibliographic review, the objective was defined to determine the level of knowledge and self-care practice of patients on hemodialysis for stage 5 chronic kidney disease, including self-care through continuous instruction. The present work is descriptive and the articles mentioned in the research They are indexed by scientific journals.
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Level of knowledge about iron deficiency anemia in mothers of children from 6 to 24 months, who attend the San Martin de Porres Base Health Center, Lima- 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-01-13) Guillermo Blas, Amalia Dominga; Cabrera Espezua, Jeannelly Paola
Objective: to determine the level of knowledge about iron deficiency anemia in mothers of children aged 6 to 24 months, who attend the San Martín de Porres base health center, Lima 2022. The methodology used was a deductive method, quantitative approach, applied type and non-experimental design, descriptive level - prospective cross-section. The sample was made up of 51 mothers of children from 6 to 24 months old who are treated in the CRED service of the health center. The instrument used was a questionnaire with 20 questions separated by dimensions (level of cooking, food preparation and consumption of foods rich in iron), was evaluated by measurement scales with scores, high level of knowledge 17 to 20, medium 13 to 16 and low 0 to 12 points.
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Level of Knowledge and Frequency of Consumption of Food Sources of Iron in Pregnant Women who are attended at the Defensores de La Patria Health Center, Ventanilla, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-24) Pimentel Montalvo, Glenda Saby; Luján Torrealva, Franco Silvio
General Objective: Determine the level of knowledge and frequency of consumption of foods that are sources of iron in pregnant women who are treated at the “Defensores de la Patria Health Center, Ventanilla, 2022”. Material and Method: The study will be descriptive, with a quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental approach. As an instrument, a questionnaire will be used which will be made up of 10 questions with a single answer on foods that are sources of iron to evaluate knowledge in pregnant women, which will be classified as high level of knowledge (10-7 pts.), medium (6-4 pts. .) and low (3-0 pts.) and a questionnaire made up of 11 items, where the frequency of food consumption is recorded with the objective of analyzing the level of iron consumption in general within the diet of the interviewees, which will be classified into high (44-30 pts.), medium (29-15 pts.) and low (14-0 pts.) consumption levels. Results: Regarding the level of knowledge of the pregnant women about foods that are sources of iron, it was observed that 8.33% (n=5) had a low level of knowledge, 68.3% (n=41) had a medium level of knowledge, and 23.3% (n=41) had a medium level of knowledge. % (n=14) have a high level of knowledge. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of foods that are sources of iron in pregnant women treated at the Defensores de la Patria Health Center in 2022 has average knowledge with 68.3% of pregnant women surveyed. The level of frequency of consumption of foods that are sources of iron in pregnant women treated at the Defensores de la Patria Health Center was medium with a percentage of 98.33% of pregnant women surveyed. However, the majority of pregnant women surveyed are unaware of iron deficiency anemia.
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Nivel de comprensión referente advertencias publicitarias en etiquetas y su relación con el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y el estado nutricional en estudiantes de enfermería Lima – Perú - 2025
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-10-30) Cruz Silva, Karina Isamar; Espinoza Rado, Erika Paola
En el 2013, se aprobó la ley N° 30021 con el objetivo de enfrentar la obesidad y el exceso de peso en niños y adolescentes con el fin de prevenir enfermedades a largo plazo, con esta norma se implementaron alertas publicitarias en alimentos que contengan altos niveles de azúcares, grasas saturadas, sodio y grasa trans, siendo aplicables a aquellos productos que superen los límites establecidos. El exceso de consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados conlleva a un estado nutricional de sobrepeso, obesidad u obesidad mórbida con un índice de masa corporal mayor a 40. Objetivo: Analizar el nivel de comprensión referente advertencias publicitarías en etiquetas y su relación con el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y el estado nutricional en estudiantes de enfermería Lima - Perú – 2025 – 2025. Material y métodos: Tipo de investigación básica, descriptiva; diseño no experimental, transversal y correlacional; con enfoque cuantitativo; la población estuvo conformada por estudiantes de enfermería. Se elaboraron 2 formularios de recolección de datos; el primero midió el nivel de compresión referente advertencias publicitarias y el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados, el segundo fue una ficha de recolección de datos antropométricos que determinó el estado nutricional. Resultados: Luego de aplicar el cuestionario se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados; el nivel de compresión promedio fue de 66.5%, bajo 28.5%, alto 5%, en cuanto al consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados tuvieron un consumo bajo de 42.4%, consumo moderado de 27.2% y consumo alto de 30.4%. Por otro lado, con respecto al estado nutricional mediante índice de masa corporal (IMC), el 51.3% tiene un IMC normal, el 27.8% presentó sobrepeso y el 14.6% presentó diversos grados de obesidad. También se midió el perímetro abdominal, siendo el 65.2% con riesgo metabólico bajo, el 20.9% con riesgo alto y el 13.9% con riesgo muy alto. Conclusión: No se halló una relación significativa entre las variables ya que los valores de P resultaron ser superiores a 0.05.
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Nutritional control on fiber consumption of older adults in the Magdalena del Mar health center, 2021.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-18) Gutierrez Ovalle, Marybel Alejandrina; Mauricio Alza, Saby Marisol
Nutritional control to ensure adequate nutrient intake should be part of the nutritional care process at any age, with fiber intake being particularly important in older adults, especially in relation to constipation and digestive problems. A survey was conducted on 70 elderly individuals attending the Magdalena del Mar Health Center in Lima, Peru, in 2021. The survey included a validated 24-hour recall and information about their nutritional status. The average age of the elderly participants was 72.1 + 7 years, with an average weight of 66.8 + 13.6 kg, height 1.59 + 0.1 m, and BMI 26.3 + 4.4, with 44.3% being overweight. The Basal Energy Requirement and Total Energy Requirement were 1252.7 + 156.4 and 1377.9 + 171.9, respectively. The average fiber intake was 11.4 + 5.1 g/day, while the recommended intake was 13.7 + 1.7 g/day, achieving 83.9 + 39.5% of the required fiber intake. Regarding fiber consumption, only 27.1% of participants met the daily recommended intake. The quality of fiber showed differences between soluble and insoluble fiber based on sex. Among fiber-rich foods, only 31.4% consumed oats daily, 8.6% consumed legumes three times a week, 64.3% consumed fruits daily, and 2.9% drank fruit juices daily.
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Quality of life and self-care in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease on dialysis at a Los Laureles Support Center San Juan de Lurigancho, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-12-18) Galindo Flores, Iluz Mercedes; Bastidas Solis, Miriam Cecilia
In the world, it is estimated that CKD affects 850 million people, with progressive and irreversible damage to kidney function requiring renal replacement therapy. This public health problem is the sixth cause of death, reaching figures of 2.4 million deaths per year, while 13 million people are affected by acute kidney injury. In Peru, a serious public health problem is CKD, which according to 2021 estimates, around 3,060,794 million people over 18 years of age would be affected by this disease in stages I to IV. Given this, the objective of the research is "Relate quality of life and self-care in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease on dialysis at a Los Laureles support center, San Juan de Lurigancho, 2022." The methodology applied in this research is hypothetical deductive with a quantitative approach of an observational type and a descriptive correlational design. The study population is made up of 320 patients who receive hemodialysis at the Laureles support center and 175 were considered as part of the sample which will be non-probabilistic and for convenience. The instruments for obtaining the research data will be two valid and reliable questionnaires called “Self-care of the adult patient in hemodialysis treatment 2016” and “Quality of Life” (Cronbanch's alpha 0.935 and 0.886 respectively). The first was created by Cárdenas G. which consists of 21 items grouped into three dimensions such as social interaction, activity and rest, and food consumption. The second instrument was developed by Vallejos N. and consists of 32 items grouped into physical, emotional and social dimensions.